U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Cat scratch disease

MedGen UID:
2861
•Concept ID:
C0007361
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Bartonellosis due to Bartonella henselae infection; Cat scratch fever
SNOMED CT: CSD - Cat scratch disease (79974007); Benign lymphoreticulosis (79974007); Cat scratch disease (79974007); Cat scratch fever (79974007); Benign inoculation lymphoreticulosis (79974007)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005692
Orphanet: ORPHA50839

Definition

Cat-scratch disease is a rare infectious disease, caused by the Gram-negative bacteria <i>Bartonella henselae</i>, that is transmitted to humans via a scratch or bite of an infected cat and that has a variable clinical presentation but that usually manifests with an erythematous papule at the site of inoculation followed by chronic regional lymphadenopathy. Clinical course is usually self-limiting but disseminated illness with high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, granulomatous osteolytic lesions, encephalitis, retinitis, and atypical pneumonia can also occur. Cat-scratch disease can atypically present as parinaud oculoglandular syndrome (unilateral conjunctivitis and preauricular lymphadenopathy). [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCat scratch disease
Follow this link to review classifications for Cat scratch disease in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

A Case Series of Cat-Scratch Disease with Ocular Manifestations: Clinical Findings and Treatment Approach.
Acar A, Çakar Özdal P, Başarır B, Özdemir Yalçınsoy K, Altan Ç, Budakoğlu Ö
Turk J Ophthalmol 2023 Aug 19;53(4):226-233. doi: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2022.44692. PMID: 37602640Free PMC Article
Evaluation and management of neck masses in children.
Meier JD, Grimmer JF
Am Fam Physician 2014 Mar 1;89(5):353-8. PMID: 24695506
Treatment of cat-scratch disease.
Conrad DA
Curr Opin Pediatr 2001 Feb;13(1):56-9. doi: 10.1097/00008480-200102000-00010. PMID: 11176245

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ocular manifestations of bartonellosis.
Mabra D, Yeh S, Shantha JG
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2018 Nov;29(6):582-587. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000522. PMID: 30124532
Pet-Related Infections.
Day MJ
Am Fam Physician 2016 Nov 15;94(10):794-802. PMID: 27929279
Pediatric inflammatory adenopathy.
Penn EB Jr, Goudy SL
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2015 Feb;48(1):137-51. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2014.09.010. PMID: 25439552
Chronic hand infections.
Al-Qattan MM, Helmi AA
J Hand Surg Am 2014 Aug;39(8):1636-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.04.003. PMID: 25070033
Bartonellosis.
Maguiña C, Guerra H, Ventosilla P
Clin Dermatol 2009 May-Jun;27(3):271-80. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.10.006. PMID: 19362689

Diagnosis

Bartonella Neuroretinitis.
Park SK, Antonio AA
J Neuroophthalmol 2023 Dec 1;43(4):e355. Epub 2023 Aug 31 doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000002000. PMID: 37651205
Cat-scratch disease.
Biancardi AL, Curi AL
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2014 Apr;22(2):148-54. Epub 2013 Oct 9 doi: 10.3109/09273948.2013.833631. PMID: 24107122
Granulomatous lymphadenitis.
Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525
Cat-scratch Disease.
Klotz SA, Ianas V, Elliott SP
Am Fam Physician 2011 Jan 15;83(2):152-5. PMID: 21243990
Cat-scratch disease.
Chomel BB
Rev Sci Tech 2000 Apr;19(1):136-50. doi: 10.20506/rst.19.1.1204. PMID: 11189710

Therapy

Ocular manifestations of bartonellosis.
Mabra D, Yeh S, Shantha JG
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2018 Nov;29(6):582-587. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000522. PMID: 30124532
Cat-scratch disease.
Biancardi AL, Curi AL
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2014 Apr;22(2):148-54. Epub 2013 Oct 9 doi: 10.3109/09273948.2013.833631. PMID: 24107122
Ocular bartonellosis.
Cunningham ET, Koehler JE
Am J Ophthalmol 2000 Sep;130(3):340-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00573-0. PMID: 11020414
Bartonella-associated infections.
Spach DH, Koehler JE
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1998 Mar;12(1):137-55. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70414-1. PMID: 9494835
Cat-scratch disease.
Roberge RJ
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1991 May;9(2):327-34. PMID: 1893896

Prognosis

Neuroretinitis: a review.
Abdelhakim A, Rasool N
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2018 Nov;29(6):514-519. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000527. PMID: 30148725
Ophthalmic manifestations of bartonella infection.
Amer R, Tugal-Tutkun I
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2017 Nov;28(6):607-612. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000419. PMID: 28984726
Pediatric inflammatory adenopathy.
Penn EB Jr, Goudy SL
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2015 Feb;48(1):137-51. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2014.09.010. PMID: 25439552
Cat-scratch disease.
Biancardi AL, Curi AL
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2014 Apr;22(2):148-54. Epub 2013 Oct 9 doi: 10.3109/09273948.2013.833631. PMID: 24107122
Granulomatous lymphadenitis.
Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525

Clinical prediction guides

A Case Series of Cat-Scratch Disease with Ocular Manifestations: Clinical Findings and Treatment Approach.
Acar A, Çakar Özdal P, Başarır B, Özdemir Yalçınsoy K, Altan Ç, Budakoğlu Ö
Turk J Ophthalmol 2023 Aug 19;53(4):226-233. doi: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2022.44692. PMID: 37602640Free PMC Article
Feline bartonellosis key issues and possible vectors.
Mazurek Ł, Winiarczyk S, Adaszek Ł
Ann Parasitol 2018;64(4):309-315. doi: 10.17420/ap6404.165. PMID: 30720968
Granulomatous lymphadenitis.
Asano S
J Clin Exp Hematop 2012;52(1):1-16. doi: 10.3960/jslrt.52.1. PMID: 22706525
Treatment of cat-scratch disease.
Conrad DA
Curr Opin Pediatr 2001 Feb;13(1):56-9. doi: 10.1097/00008480-200102000-00010. PMID: 11176245
Zoonoses.
Goscienski PJ
Pediatr Infect Dis 1983 Jan-Feb;2(1):69-81. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198301000-00018. PMID: 6340080

Recent systematic reviews

Multifocal pelvic osteomyelitis in a child associated with cat-scratch disease: a case report and review of the literature.
Zellali K, Benard E, Smokvina E, Belgaid A, Labbé F, Bertrand V
Paediatr Int Child Health 2019 Nov;39(4):290-293. Epub 2018 Aug 10 doi: 10.1080/20469047.2018.1476304. PMID: 30092749
Bartonellosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Unrecognized and Unsuspected Diagnosis.
Shamekhi Amiri F
Ther Apher Dial 2017 Oct;21(5):430-440. Epub 2017 Sep 8 doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.12571. PMID: 28884961
Treatment outcomes of human bartonellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Prutsky G, Domecq JP, Mori L, Bebko S, Matzumura M, Sabouni A, Shahrour A, Erwin PJ, Boyce TG, Montori VM, Malaga G, Murad MH
Int J Infect Dis 2013 Oct;17(10):e811-9. Epub 2013 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.02.016. PMID: 23602630
Multifocal osteomyelitis in a child: a rare manifestation of cat scratch disease: a case report and systematic review of the literature.
de Kort JG, Robben SG, Schrander JJ, van Rhijn LW
J Pediatr Orthop B 2006 Jul;15(4):285-8. doi: 10.1097/01202412-200607000-00010. PMID: 16751739

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Reviews

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...