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Kaposi Sarcoma NCI Grade 2

MedGen UID:
272784
•Concept ID:
C1334320
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Kaposi's Sarcoma NCI Grade 2; Kaposi's Sarcoma NCI Grade II

Definition

A Kaposi sarcoma with less than 15% necrosis. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVKaposi Sarcoma NCI Grade 2

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Effect of CD4+ T cell count on treatment-emergent adverse events among patients with and without HIV receiving immunotherapy for advanced cancer.
Odeny TA, Lurain K, Strauss J, Fling SP, Sharon E, Wright A, Martinez-Picado J, Moran T, Gulley JL, Gonzalez-Cao M, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R, Ramaswami R
J Immunother Cancer 2022 Sep;10(9) doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005128. PMID: 37935055Free PMC Article
Successful Treatment of HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma with Immune Checkpoint Blockade.
Galanina N, Goodman AM, Cohen PR, Frampton GM, Kurzrock R
Cancer Immunol Res 2018 Oct;6(10):1129-1135. Epub 2018 Sep 7 doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0121. PMID: 30194084Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Safety, Activity, and Long-term Outcomes of Pomalidomide in the Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma among Individuals with or without HIV Infection.
Ramaswami R, Polizzotto MN, Lurain K, Wyvill KM, Widell A, George J, Goncalves P, Steinberg SM, Whitby D, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R
Clin Cancer Res 2022 Mar 1;28(5):840-850. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3364. PMID: 34862247Free PMC Article
Use of pembrolizumab with or without pomalidomide in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Lurain K, Ramaswami R, Mangusan R, Widell A, Ekwede I, George J, Ambinder R, Cheever M, Gulley JL, Goncalves PH, Wang HW, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R
J Immunother Cancer 2021 Feb;9(2) doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002097. PMID: 33608378Free PMC Article
A Pilot Study of Liposomal Doxorubicin Combined with Bevacizumab followed by Bevacizumab Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced Kaposi Sarcoma.
Ramaswami R, Uldrick TS, Polizzotto MN, Wyvill KM, Goncalves P, Widell A, Lurain K, Steinberg SM, Figg WD, Tosato G, Whitby D, Yarchoan R
Clin Cancer Res 2019 Jul 15;25(14):4238-4247. Epub 2019 Apr 12 doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3528. PMID: 30979736Free PMC Article
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Symptomatic Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated Inflammation: Prospective Characterization of KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS).
Polizzotto MN, Uldrick TS, Wyvill KM, Aleman K, Marshall V, Wang V, Whitby D, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Millo C, Tosato G, Little RF, Steinberg SM, Sereti I, Yarchoan R
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Mar 15;62(6):730-738. Epub 2015 Dec 12 doi: 10.1093/cid/civ996. PMID: 26658701Free PMC Article
Excellent clinical outcomes and retention in care for adults with HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma treated with systemic chemotherapy and integrated antiretroviral therapy in rural Malawi.
Herce ME, Kalanga N, Wroe EB, Keck JW, Chingoli F, Tengatenga L, Gopal S, Phiri A, Mailosi B, Bazile J, Beste JA, Elmore SN, Crocker JT, Rigodon J
J Int AIDS Soc 2015;18(1):19929. Epub 2015 May 29 doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19929. PMID: 26028156Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Brentuximab vedotin with AVD for stage II-IV HIV-related Hodgkin lymphoma (AMC 085): phase 2 results from an open-label, single arm, multicentre phase 1/2 trial.
Rubinstein PG, Moore PC, Bimali M, Lee JY, Rudek MA, Chadburn A, Ratner L, Henry DH, Cesarman E, DeMarco CE, Costagliola D, Taoufik Y, Ramos JC, Sharon E, Reid EG, Ambinder RF, Mitsuyasu R, Mounier N, Besson C, Noy A; AIDS Malignancy Consortium; Lymphoma Study Association
Lancet Haematol 2023 Aug;10(8):e624-e632. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00157-6. PMID: 37532416Free PMC Article
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Symptomatic Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated Inflammation: Prospective Characterization of KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS).
Polizzotto MN, Uldrick TS, Wyvill KM, Aleman K, Marshall V, Wang V, Whitby D, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Millo C, Tosato G, Little RF, Steinberg SM, Sereti I, Yarchoan R
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Mar 15;62(6):730-738. Epub 2015 Dec 12 doi: 10.1093/cid/civ996. PMID: 26658701Free PMC Article
Phase II study of bevacizumab in patients with HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma receiving antiretroviral therapy.
Uldrick TS, Wyvill KM, Kumar P, O'Mahony D, Bernstein W, Aleman K, Polizzotto MN, Steinberg SM, Pittaluga S, Marshall V, Whitby D, Little RF, Yarchoan R
J Clin Oncol 2012 May 1;30(13):1476-83. Epub 2012 Mar 19 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.39.6853. PMID: 22430271Free PMC Article
Fractionated doses of oral etoposide in the treatment of patients with aids-related kaposi sarcoma: a clinical and pharmacologic study to improve therapeutic index.
Sprinz E, Caldas AP, Mans DR, Cancela A, DiLeone L, Dalla Costa T, Schwartsmann G
Am J Clin Oncol 2001 Apr;24(2):177-84. doi: 10.1097/00000421-200104000-00016. PMID: 11319295
High-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with AIDS.
Ziegler JL, Bragg K, Abrams D, Beckstead J, Cogan M, Volberding P, Baer D, Wilkinson L, Rosenbaum E, Grant K
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1984;437:412-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb37161.x. PMID: 6598309

Therapy

Assessment of the safety of nivolumab in people living with HIV with advanced cancer on antiretroviral therapy: the AIDS Malignancy Consortium 095 Study.
Rajdev L, Jackie Wang CC, Joshi H, Lensing S, Lee J, Ramos JC, Baiocchi R, Ratner L, Rubinstein PG, Ambinder R, Henry D, Streicher H, Little RF, Chiao E, Dittmer DP, Einstein MH, Cesarman E, Mitsuyasu R, Sparano JA; AIDS Malignancy Consortium
Cancer 2024 Mar 15;130(6):985-994. Epub 2023 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/cncr.35110. PMID: 37962072Free PMC Article
Brentuximab vedotin with AVD for stage II-IV HIV-related Hodgkin lymphoma (AMC 085): phase 2 results from an open-label, single arm, multicentre phase 1/2 trial.
Rubinstein PG, Moore PC, Bimali M, Lee JY, Rudek MA, Chadburn A, Ratner L, Henry DH, Cesarman E, DeMarco CE, Costagliola D, Taoufik Y, Ramos JC, Sharon E, Reid EG, Ambinder RF, Mitsuyasu R, Mounier N, Besson C, Noy A; AIDS Malignancy Consortium; Lymphoma Study Association
Lancet Haematol 2023 Aug;10(8):e624-e632. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00157-6. PMID: 37532416Free PMC Article
Safety, Activity, and Long-term Outcomes of Pomalidomide in the Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma among Individuals with or without HIV Infection.
Ramaswami R, Polizzotto MN, Lurain K, Wyvill KM, Widell A, George J, Goncalves P, Steinberg SM, Whitby D, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R
Clin Cancer Res 2022 Mar 1;28(5):840-850. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3364. PMID: 34862247Free PMC Article
Use of pembrolizumab with or without pomalidomide in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Lurain K, Ramaswami R, Mangusan R, Widell A, Ekwede I, George J, Ambinder R, Cheever M, Gulley JL, Goncalves PH, Wang HW, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R
J Immunother Cancer 2021 Feb;9(2) doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002097. PMID: 33608378Free PMC Article
Pomalidomide for Symptomatic Kaposi's Sarcoma in People With and Without HIV Infection: A Phase I/II Study.
Polizzotto MN, Uldrick TS, Wyvill KM, Aleman K, Peer CJ, Bevans M, Sereti I, Maldarelli F, Whitby D, Marshall V, Goncalves PH, Khetani V, Figg WD, Steinberg SM, Zeldis JB, Yarchoan R
J Clin Oncol 2016 Dec;34(34):4125-4131. Epub 2016 Oct 31 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.69.3812. PMID: 27863194Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Safety, Activity, and Long-term Outcomes of Pomalidomide in the Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma among Individuals with or without HIV Infection.
Ramaswami R, Polizzotto MN, Lurain K, Wyvill KM, Widell A, George J, Goncalves P, Steinberg SM, Whitby D, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R
Clin Cancer Res 2022 Mar 1;28(5):840-850. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3364. PMID: 34862247Free PMC Article
Phase 1/2 trial of BMS-275291 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-related Kaposi sarcoma: a multicenter trial of the AIDS Malignancy Consortium.
Brinker BT, Krown SE, Lee JY, Cesarman E, Chadburn A, Kaplan LD, Henry DH, Von Roenn JH
Cancer 2008 Mar 1;112(5):1083-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23108. PMID: 18224669
Fractionated doses of oral etoposide in the treatment of patients with aids-related kaposi sarcoma: a clinical and pharmacologic study to improve therapeutic index.
Sprinz E, Caldas AP, Mans DR, Cancela A, DiLeone L, Dalla Costa T, Schwartsmann G
Am J Clin Oncol 2001 Apr;24(2):177-84. doi: 10.1097/00000421-200104000-00016. PMID: 11319295
Prolonged administration of low-dose interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-associated malignancy results in selective expansion of innate immune effectors without significant clinical toxicity.
Bernstein ZP, Porter MM, Gould M, Lipman B, Bluman EM, Stewart CC, Hewitt RG, Fyfe G, Poiesz B, Caligiuri MA
Blood 1995 Nov 1;86(9):3287-94. PMID: 7579429
High-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with AIDS.
Ziegler JL, Bragg K, Abrams D, Beckstead J, Cogan M, Volberding P, Baer D, Wilkinson L, Rosenbaum E, Grant K
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1984;437:412-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb37161.x. PMID: 6598309

Clinical prediction guides

Assessment of the safety of nivolumab in people living with HIV with advanced cancer on antiretroviral therapy: the AIDS Malignancy Consortium 095 Study.
Rajdev L, Jackie Wang CC, Joshi H, Lensing S, Lee J, Ramos JC, Baiocchi R, Ratner L, Rubinstein PG, Ambinder R, Henry D, Streicher H, Little RF, Chiao E, Dittmer DP, Einstein MH, Cesarman E, Mitsuyasu R, Sparano JA; AIDS Malignancy Consortium
Cancer 2024 Mar 15;130(6):985-994. Epub 2023 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/cncr.35110. PMID: 37962072Free PMC Article
Human herpesvirus-encoded kinase induces B cell lymphomas in vivo.
Anders PM, Montgomery ND, Montgomery SA, Bhatt AP, Dittmer DP, Damania B
J Clin Invest 2018 Jun 1;128(6):2519-2534. Epub 2018 May 7 doi: 10.1172/JCI97053. PMID: 29733294Free PMC Article
Phase II study of bevacizumab in patients with HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma receiving antiretroviral therapy.
Uldrick TS, Wyvill KM, Kumar P, O'Mahony D, Bernstein W, Aleman K, Polizzotto MN, Steinberg SM, Pittaluga S, Marshall V, Whitby D, Little RF, Yarchoan R
J Clin Oncol 2012 May 1;30(13):1476-83. Epub 2012 Mar 19 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.39.6853. PMID: 22430271Free PMC Article
Phase 1/2 trial of BMS-275291 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-related Kaposi sarcoma: a multicenter trial of the AIDS Malignancy Consortium.
Brinker BT, Krown SE, Lee JY, Cesarman E, Chadburn A, Kaplan LD, Henry DH, Von Roenn JH
Cancer 2008 Mar 1;112(5):1083-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23108. PMID: 18224669
Continuous infusion etoposide in advanced AIDS-related kaposi sarcoma.
Remick SC, Reddy M, Ekman K, Vyzula R, Hilstro J, Horton J
J Infus Chemother 1996 Spring;6(2):92-6. PMID: 8809657

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