U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Infant gynecomastia

MedGen UID:
258541
•Concept ID:
C1449721
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Gynecomastia, Infant; Gynecomastia, Newborn; Infant Gynecomastia; Newborn Gynecomastia
SNOMED CT: Breast engorgement of new born (34831003); Neonatal gynecomastia (34831003); Breast engorgement in newborn (34831003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001323

Definition

Transient bilateral swelling of breast tissue in a neonate that results from the waning influence of maternal estrogen. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVInfant gynecomastia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

An updated review of epidemiology, risk factors, and management of male breast cancer.
Khan NAJ, Tirona M
Med Oncol 2021 Mar 15;38(4):39. doi: 10.1007/s12032-021-01486-x. PMID: 33721121
EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism: diagnosis and treatment.
Rahnema CD, Lipshultz LI, Crosnoe LE, Kovac JR, Kim ED
Fertil Steril 2014 May;101(5):1271-9. Epub 2014 Mar 14 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.002. PMID: 24636400

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Male Reproductive Endocrine Disorders.
McCoskey M, Vernon N
Prim Care 2024 Sep;51(3):455-466. Epub 2024 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2024.04.003. PMID: 39067971
Gynecomastia.
Ayyavoo A
Indian J Pediatr 2023 Oct;90(10):1013-1017. Epub 2023 Aug 18 doi: 10.1007/s12098-023-04810-7. PMID: 37592101
Health consequences of androgenic anabolic steroid use.
Horwitz H, Andersen JT, Dalhoff KP
J Intern Med 2019 Mar;285(3):333-340. Epub 2018 Nov 20 doi: 10.1111/joim.12850. PMID: 30460728
Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy and strategies to mitigate them.
Nguyen PL, Alibhai SM, Basaria S, D'Amico AV, Kantoff PW, Keating NL, Penson DF, Rosario DJ, Tombal B, Smith MR
Eur Urol 2015 May;67(5):825-36. Epub 2014 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.07.010. PMID: 25097095
The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators.
Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J, Wittes J
N Engl J Med 1999 Sep 2;341(10):709-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001. PMID: 10471456

Diagnosis

Gynecomastia.
Ayyavoo A
Indian J Pediatr 2023 Oct;90(10):1013-1017. Epub 2023 Aug 18 doi: 10.1007/s12098-023-04810-7. PMID: 37592101
EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Adolescent Gynecomastia.
Guss CE, Divasta AD
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2017 Jun;14(4):371-377. doi: 10.17458/per.vol14.2017.GD.Gynecomastia. PMID: 28613047
Gynecomastia and hormones.
Sansone A, Romanelli F, Sansone M, Lenzi A, Di Luigi L
Endocrine 2017 Jan;55(1):37-44. Epub 2016 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-0975-9. PMID: 27145756
Gynecomastia.
Dickson G
Am Fam Physician 2012 Apr 1;85(7):716-22. PMID: 22534349

Therapy

Gynecomastia.
Ayyavoo A
Indian J Pediatr 2023 Oct;90(10):1013-1017. Epub 2023 Aug 18 doi: 10.1007/s12098-023-04810-7. PMID: 37592101
EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Gynecomastia and hormones.
Sansone A, Romanelli F, Sansone M, Lenzi A, Di Luigi L
Endocrine 2017 Jan;55(1):37-44. Epub 2016 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-0975-9. PMID: 27145756
Tamoxifen in men: a review of adverse events.
Wibowo E, Pollock PA, Hollis N, Wassersug RJ
Andrology 2016 Sep;4(5):776-88. Epub 2016 May 6 doi: 10.1111/andr.12197. PMID: 27152880
Drug-induced gynecomastia: an evidence-based review.
Deepinder F, Braunstein GD
Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012 Sep;11(5):779-95. Epub 2012 Aug 6 doi: 10.1517/14740338.2012.712109. PMID: 22862307

Prognosis

The Klinefelter Syndrome and Testicular Sperm Retrieval Outcomes.
Sá R, Ferraz L, Barros A, Sousa M
Genes (Basel) 2023 Mar 4;14(3) doi: 10.3390/genes14030647. PMID: 36980920Free PMC Article
An updated review of epidemiology, risk factors, and management of male breast cancer.
Khan NAJ, Tirona M
Med Oncol 2021 Mar 15;38(4):39. doi: 10.1007/s12032-021-01486-x. PMID: 33721121
Health consequences of androgenic anabolic steroid use.
Horwitz H, Andersen JT, Dalhoff KP
J Intern Med 2019 Mar;285(3):333-340. Epub 2018 Nov 20 doi: 10.1111/joim.12850. PMID: 30460728
Drug-induced gynecomastia: an evidence-based review.
Deepinder F, Braunstein GD
Expert Opin Drug Saf 2012 Sep;11(5):779-95. Epub 2012 Aug 6 doi: 10.1517/14740338.2012.712109. PMID: 22862307
The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators.
Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J, Wittes J
N Engl J Med 1999 Sep 2;341(10):709-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001. PMID: 10471456

Clinical prediction guides

The Klinefelter Syndrome and Testicular Sperm Retrieval Outcomes.
Sá R, Ferraz L, Barros A, Sousa M
Genes (Basel) 2023 Mar 4;14(3) doi: 10.3390/genes14030647. PMID: 36980920Free PMC Article
Papillary lesions of the breast.
Kulka J, Madaras L, Floris G, Lax SF
Virchows Arch 2022 Jan;480(1):65-84. Epub 2021 Nov 3 doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03182-7. PMID: 34734332Free PMC Article
An updated review of epidemiology, risk factors, and management of male breast cancer.
Khan NAJ, Tirona M
Med Oncol 2021 Mar 15;38(4):39. doi: 10.1007/s12032-021-01486-x. PMID: 33721121
Gynecomastia and hormones.
Sansone A, Romanelli F, Sansone M, Lenzi A, Di Luigi L
Endocrine 2017 Jan;55(1):37-44. Epub 2016 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-0975-9. PMID: 27145756
Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy and strategies to mitigate them.
Nguyen PL, Alibhai SM, Basaria S, D'Amico AV, Kantoff PW, Keating NL, Penson DF, Rosario DJ, Tombal B, Smith MR
Eur Urol 2015 May;67(5):825-36. Epub 2014 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.07.010. PMID: 25097095

Recent systematic reviews

Finerenone in diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and critical appraisal.
Singh AK, Singh A, Singh R, Misra A
Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022 Oct;16(10):102638. Epub 2022 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102638. PMID: 36223666
Drug-induced gynecomastia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Trinchieri A, Perletti G, Magri V, Stamatiou K, Trinchieri M, Montanari E
Arch Ital Urol Androl 2021 Dec 21;93(4):489-496. doi: 10.4081/aiua.2021.4.489. PMID: 34933535
Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects.
Patanè FG, Liberto A, Maria Maglitto AN, Malandrino P, Esposito M, Amico F, Cocimano G, Rosi GL, Condorelli D, Nunno ND, Montana A
Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Nov 11;56(11) doi: 10.3390/medicina56110606. PMID: 33187340Free PMC Article
Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids on the Reproductive System of Athletes and Recreational Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Christou MA, Christou PA, Markozannes G, Tsatsoulis A, Mastorakos G, Tigas S
Sports Med 2017 Sep;47(9):1869-1883. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0709-z. PMID: 28258581
Gynecomastia: A systematic review.
Fagerlund A, Lewin R, Rufolo G, Elander A, Santanelli di Pompeo F, Selvaggi G
J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2015;49(6):311-8. Epub 2015 Jun 7 doi: 10.3109/2000656X.2015.1053398. PMID: 26051284

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...