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Deficiency of beta-ureidopropionase(UPB1D)

MedGen UID:
226944
Concept ID:
C1291512
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency; UPB1D
SNOMED CT: Deficiency of beta-ureidopropionase (124511000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): UPB1 (22q11.23)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013164
OMIM®: 613161
Orphanet: ORPHA65287

Definition

Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism due to a defect in pyrimidine degradation. Less than 10 patients have been reported, and the phenotype can range from severe neurologic involvement with mental retardation and seizures to normal neurologic development (Yaplito-Lee et al., 2008). [from OMIM]

Additional description

From MedlinePlus Genetics
Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency is a disorder that causes excessive amounts of molecules called N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid and N-carbamyl-beta-alanine to be released in the urine. Neurological problems ranging from mild to severe also occur in some affected individuals.

People with beta-ureidopropionase deficiency can have low muscle tone (hypotonia), seizures, speech difficulties, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autistic behaviors that affect communication and social interaction. Some people with this condition have an abnormally small head size (microcephaly); they may also have brain abnormalities that can be seen with medical imaging. Deterioration of the optic nerve, which carries visual information from the eyes to the brain, can lead to vision loss in this condition.

In some people with beta-ureidopropionase deficiency, the disease causes no neurological problems and can only be diagnosed by laboratory testing.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/beta-ureidopropionase-deficiency

Clinical features

From HPO
Bifid scrotum
MedGen UID:
90968
Concept ID:
C0341787
Congenital Abnormality
Midline indentation or cleft of the scrotum.
Elevated urinary ureidopropionic acid level
MedGen UID:
1053019
Concept ID:
CN377365
Finding
The amount of ureidopropionic acid in the urine, normalized for urine concentration, is above the upper limit of normal.
Elevated urinary ureidoisobutyric acid level
MedGen UID:
1052530
Concept ID:
CN377454
Finding
The amount of ureidoisobutyric acid in the urine, normalized for urine concentration, is above the upper limit of normal. Ureidoisobutyric acid is increased in the urine of patients with beta-ureidopropionase (EC 3.5.1.6) deficiency.
Elevated urinary N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid level
MedGen UID:
1054012
Concept ID:
CN377455
Finding
The amount of N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the urine, normalized for urine concentration, is above the upper limit of normal.
Imperforate anus
MedGen UID:
1997
Concept ID:
C0003466
Congenital Abnormality
Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract.
Bladder exstrophy
MedGen UID:
2661
Concept ID:
C0005689
Disease or Syndrome
Eversion of the posterior bladder wall through the congenitally absent lower anterior abdominal wall and anterior bladder wall.
Dystonic disorder
MedGen UID:
3940
Concept ID:
C0013421
Sign or Symptom
An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Status epilepticus
MedGen UID:
11586
Concept ID:
C0038220
Disease or Syndrome
Status epilepticus is a type of prolonged seizure resulting either from the failure of the mechanisms responsible for seizure termination or from the initiation of mechanisms which lead to abnormally prolonged seizures (after time point t1). It is a condition that can have long-term consequences (after time point t2), including neuronal death, neuronal injury, and alteration of neuronal networks, depending on the type and duration of seizures.
Loss of consciousness
MedGen UID:
52915
Concept ID:
C0041657
Finding
Loss of alertness and orientation to place and time.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Hypsarrhythmia
MedGen UID:
195766
Concept ID:
C0684276
Finding
Hypsarrhythmia is abnormal interictal high amplitude waves and a background of irregular spikes. There is continuous (during wakefulness), high-amplitude (>200 Hz), generalized polymorphic slowing with no organized background and multifocal spikes demonstrated by electroencephalography (EEG).
Motor delay
MedGen UID:
381392
Concept ID:
C1854301
Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Abnormal speech pattern
MedGen UID:
1853271
Concept ID:
C3687424
Finding
An abnormality in the sound (volume) or cadence (rate) of speech.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Delayed CNS myelination
MedGen UID:
867393
Concept ID:
C4021758
Anatomical Abnormality
Delayed myelination in the central nervous system.
Elevated CSF N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid concentration
MedGen UID:
1054035
Concept ID:
CN376722
Finding
The concentration of N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is above the upper limit of normal.
Elevated CSF N-carbamyl-beta-alanine concentration
MedGen UID:
1052391
Concept ID:
CN376723
Finding
The concentration of N-carbamyl-beta-alanine in the cerebrospinal fluid is above the upper limit of normal.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Scoliosis
MedGen UID:
11348
Concept ID:
C0036439
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Neonatal hypotonia
MedGen UID:
412209
Concept ID:
C2267233
Disease or Syndrome
Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) manifesting in the neonatal period.
Microcephaly
MedGen UID:
1644158
Concept ID:
C4551563
Finding
Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.
Metabolic acidosis
MedGen UID:
65117
Concept ID:
C0220981
Pathologic Function
Metabolic acidosis (MA) is characterized by a fall in blood pH due to a reduction of serum bicarbonate concentration. This can occur as a result of either the accumulation of acids (high anion gap MA) or the loss of bicarbonate from the gastrointestinal tract or the kidney (hyperchloremic MA). By definition, MA is not due to a respirary cause.
Increased circulating lactate concentration
MedGen UID:
332209
Concept ID:
C1836440
Finding
Abnormally increased level of blood lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid). Lactate is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase during normal metabolism. The terms lactate and lactic acid are often used interchangeably but lactate (the component measured in blood) is strictly a weak base whereas lactic acid is the corresponding acid. Lactic acidosis is often used clinically to describe elevated lactate but should be reserved for cases where there is a corresponding acidosis (pH below 7.35).
Elevated circulating N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine concentration
MedGen UID:
1841654
Concept ID:
C5826507
Finding
An increased concentrationof N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine in the blood circulation.
Reduced hepatic beta-ureidopropionase activity
MedGen UID:
1054500
Concept ID:
CN376594
Finding
Activity of beta-ureidopropionase in the liver below the lower limit of normal.
Elevated circulating N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid concentration
MedGen UID:
1054036
Concept ID:
CN377525
Finding
The concentration of N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDeficiency of beta-ureidopropionase
Follow this link to review classifications for Deficiency of beta-ureidopropionase in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Kuhara T
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007 Aug;855(1):42-50. Epub 2007 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.03.031. PMID: 17467347

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Van Kuilenburg AB, Van Lenthe H, Assmann B, Göhlich-Ratmann G, Hoffmann GF, Bräutigam C, Wevers RA, Van Gennip AH
J Inherit Metab Dis 2001 Dec;24(7):725-32. doi: 10.1023/a:1012997406132. PMID: 11804209

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