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Vulvovaginal candidiasis

MedGen UID:
195979
•Concept ID:
C0700345
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Moniliasis, Vulvovaginal; Vulvovaginal Candidiasis; Vulvovaginal Moniliasis
SNOMED CT: Candidal vulvovaginitis (72605008); Monilial vulvovaginitis (72605008); Vulvovaginal thrush (72605008)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006014

Definition

Infection of the vulva and vagina with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is a disease associated with HIV infection. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVulvovaginal candidiasis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush).
Cooke G, Watson C, Deckx L, Pirotta M, Smith J, van Driel ML
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jan 10;1(1):CD009151. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009151.pub2. PMID: 35005777Free PMC Article
The role of diet and probiotics in prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis in adolescent girls and non-pregnant women.
Mizgier M, Jarzabek-Bielecka G, Mruczyk K, Kedzia W
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(7):412-416. doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0070. PMID: 32779162
Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Paladine HL, Desai UA
Am Fam Physician 2018 Mar 1;97(5):321-329. PMID: 29671516

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Vulvovaginal candidiasis and vaginal microflora interaction: Microflora changes and probiotic therapy.
Sun Z, Ge X, Qiu B, Xiang Z, Jiang C, Wu J, Li Y
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023;13:1123026. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1123026. PMID: 36816582Free PMC Article
Infectious Vaginitis, Cervicitis, and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
Shroff S
Med Clin North Am 2023 Mar;107(2):299-315. Epub 2022 Dec 26 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.10.009. PMID: 36759099
Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Paladine HL, Desai UA
Am Fam Physician 2018 Mar 1;97(5):321-329. PMID: 29671516
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors.
Gonçalves B, Ferreira C, Alves CT, Henriques M, Azeredo J, Silva S
Crit Rev Microbiol 2016 Nov;42(6):905-27. Epub 2015 Dec 21 doi: 10.3109/1040841X.2015.1091805. PMID: 26690853
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Sobel JD
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016 Jan;214(1):15-21. Epub 2015 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.06.067. PMID: 26164695

Diagnosis

Infectious Vaginitis, Cervicitis, and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
Shroff S
Med Clin North Am 2023 Mar;107(2):299-315. Epub 2022 Dec 26 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.10.009. PMID: 36759099
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Review of the Evidence for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines.
Nyirjesy P, Brookhart C, Lazenby G, Schwebke J, Sobel JD
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 13;74(Suppl_2):S162-S168. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1057. PMID: 35416967
Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Paladine HL, Desai UA
Am Fam Physician 2018 Mar 1;97(5):321-329. PMID: 29671516
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Sobel JD
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016 Jan;214(1):15-21. Epub 2015 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.06.067. PMID: 26164695
Vulvovaginal candidosis.
Sobel JD
Lancet 2007 Jun 9;369(9577):1961-71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60917-9. PMID: 17560449

Therapy

Vulvovaginal candidiasis and vaginal microflora interaction: Microflora changes and probiotic therapy.
Sun Z, Ge X, Qiu B, Xiang Z, Jiang C, Wu J, Li Y
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023;13:1123026. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1123026. PMID: 36816582Free PMC Article
The role of diet and probiotics in prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis in adolescent girls and non-pregnant women.
Mizgier M, Jarzabek-Bielecka G, Mruczyk K, Kedzia W
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(7):412-416. doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0070. PMID: 32779162
Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Paladine HL, Desai UA
Am Fam Physician 2018 Mar 1;97(5):321-329. PMID: 29671516
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Sobel JD
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016 Jan;214(1):15-21. Epub 2015 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.06.067. PMID: 26164695
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Martin Lopez JE
BMJ Clin Evid 2015 Mar 16;2015 PMID: 25775428Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Oteseconazole: First Approval.
Hoy SM
Drugs 2022 Jun;82(9):1017-1023. doi: 10.1007/s40265-022-01734-y. PMID: 35713845
Current patient perspectives of vulvovaginal candidiasis: incidence, symptoms, management and post-treatment outcomes.
Yano J, Sobel JD, Nyirjesy P, Sobel R, Williams VL, Yu Q, Noverr MC, Fidel PL Jr
BMC Womens Health 2019 Mar 29;19(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s12905-019-0748-8. PMID: 30925872Free PMC Article
Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review.
Denning DW, Kneale M, Sobel JD, Rautemaa-Richardson R
Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Nov;18(11):e339-e347. Epub 2018 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30103-8. PMID: 30078662
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Blostein F, Levin-Sparenberg E, Wagner J, Foxman B
Ann Epidemiol 2017 Sep;27(9):575-582.e3. Epub 2017 Aug 15 doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.08.010. PMID: 28927765
Vulvovaginitis: screening for and management of trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis.
van Schalkwyk J, Yudin MH; INFECTIOUS DISEASE COMMITTEE
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2015 Mar;37(3):266-274. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30316-9. PMID: 26001874

Clinical prediction guides

Impact of Lactobacillus crispatus-containing oral and vaginal probiotics on vaginal health: a randomised double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial.
Mändar R, Sõerunurk G, Štšepetova J, Smidt I, Rööp T, Kõljalg S, Saare M, Ausmees K, Le DD, Jaagura M, Piiskop S, Tamm H, Salumets A
Benef Microbes 2023 Apr 18;14(2):143-152. Epub 2023 Mar 1 doi: 10.3920/BM2022.0091. PMID: 36856121
Phase 3 study evaluating the safety and efficacy of oteseconazole in the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and acute vulvovaginal candidiasis infections.
Martens MG, Maximos B, Degenhardt T, Person K, Curelop S, Ghannoum M, Flynt A, Brand SR
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Dec;227(6):880.e1-880.e11. Epub 2022 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.07.023. PMID: 35863457
Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review.
Denning DW, Kneale M, Sobel JD, Rautemaa-Richardson R
Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Nov;18(11):e339-e347. Epub 2018 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30103-8. PMID: 30078662
Vulvovaginitis: screening for and management of trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis.
van Schalkwyk J, Yudin MH; INFECTIOUS DISEASE COMMITTEE
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2015 Mar;37(3):266-274. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30316-9. PMID: 26001874
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Spence D
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jan 5;2010 PMID: 21718579Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush).
Cooke G, Watson C, Deckx L, Pirotta M, Smith J, van Driel ML
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jan 10;1(1):CD009151. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009151.pub2. PMID: 35005777Free PMC Article
Lactobacilli-containing vaginal probiotics to cure or prevent bacterial or fungal vaginal dysbiosis: a systematic review and recommendations for future trial designs.
van de Wijgert J, Verwijs MC
BJOG 2020 Jan;127(2):287-299. Epub 2019 Aug 8 doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.15870. PMID: 31299136
Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review.
Denning DW, Kneale M, Sobel JD, Rautemaa-Richardson R
Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Nov;18(11):e339-e347. Epub 2018 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30103-8. PMID: 30078662
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Martin Lopez JE
BMJ Clin Evid 2015 Mar 16;2015 PMID: 25775428Free PMC Article
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Spence D
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jan 5;2010 PMID: 21718579Free PMC Article

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