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Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 51(CILD51)

MedGen UID:
1841244
Concept ID:
C5830608
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: CILD51
 
Gene (location): BRWD1 (21q22.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0957396
OMIM®: 620438

Definition

Primary ciliary dyskinesia-51 (CILD51) is characterized by male infertility due to multiple morphologic abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF), resulting in severely reduced progressive motility. Some men also have a low sperm count. In addition, affected individuals experience chronic rhinosinusitis and bronchitis, and recurrent upper and lower respiratory infections, and some exhibit dextrocardia and/or situs inversus (Guo et al., 2021). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of primary ciliary dyskinesia, see CILD1 (244400). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Male infertility
MedGen UID:
5796
Concept ID:
C0021364
Disease or Syndrome
The inability of the male to effect fertilization of an ovum after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.
Oligozoospermia
MedGen UID:
678638
Concept ID:
C0868910
Finding
Reduced count of spermatozoa in the semen, defined as a sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.
Reduced sperm motility
MedGen UID:
907698
Concept ID:
C4082176
Finding
An abnormal reduction in the mobility of ejaculated sperm.
Absent sperm flagella
MedGen UID:
1623855
Concept ID:
C4539786
Finding
Sperm cells lacking flagella.
Short sperm flagella
MedGen UID:
1623693
Concept ID:
C4539787
Finding
Sperm cells with abnormally short flagella.
Irregularly shaped sperm tail
MedGen UID:
1687959
Concept ID:
C5233737
Finding
Irregular or changing caliber (diameter) along the tail of the sperm.
Reduced progressive sperm motility
MedGen UID:
1730031
Concept ID:
C5436680
Finding
A reduced proportion of sperm that move in a straight line or large circles; alternatively, an increased proportion of sperm that move in tight circles or in some other non-linear fashion.
Situs inversus
MedGen UID:
1642262
Concept ID:
C4551493
Congenital Abnormality
A left-right reversal (or mirror reflection) of the anatomical location of the major thoracic and abdominal organs.
Bronchiectasis
MedGen UID:
14234
Concept ID:
C0006267
Disease or Syndrome
Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi owing to localized and irreversible destruction and widening of the large airways.
Productive cough
MedGen UID:
66781
Concept ID:
C0239134
Finding
A cough that produces phlegm or mucus.
Recurrent sinusitis
MedGen UID:
107919
Concept ID:
C0581354
Disease or Syndrome
A recurrent form of sinusitis.
Decreased nasal nitric oxide
MedGen UID:
767344
Concept ID:
C3554430
Finding
Reduced level of nasal nitric oxide (nNO). Current American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) guidelines for nNO measurements recommend air aspiration via a nasal probe while the subject exhales through the mouth against resistance in order to maintain velum closure.
Recurrent respiratory infections
MedGen UID:
812812
Concept ID:
C3806482
Finding
An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections.
Chronic rhinitis
MedGen UID:
3086
Concept ID:
C0008711
Disease or Syndrome
Chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Takeuchi K, Abo M, Date H, Gotoh S, Kamijo A, Kaneko T, Keicho N, Kodama S, Koinuma G, Kondo M, Masuda S, Mori E, Morimoto K, Nagao M, Nakano A, Nakatani K, Nishida N, Nishikido T, Ohara H, Okinaka Y, Sakaida H, Shiraishi K, Suzaki I, Tojima I, Tsunemi Y, Kainuma K, Ota N, Takeno S, Fujieda S
Auris Nasus Larynx 2024 Jun;51(3):553-568. Epub 2024 Mar 27 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.001. PMID: 38537559
Barber AT, Shapiro AJ, Davis SD, Ferkol TW, Atkinson JJ, Sagel SD, Dell SD, Olivier KN, Milla CE, Rosenfeld M, Li L, Lin FC, Sullivan KM, Capps NA, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Leigh MW
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023 Mar;20(3):397-405. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202206-487OC. PMID: 36342963Free PMC Article
Shah A, Laguna TA
Pediatr Ann 2022 Feb;51(2):e82-e85. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.3928/19382359-20220119-01. PMID: 35156887

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Spinou A, Hererro-Cortina B, Aliberti S, Goeminne PC, Polverino E, Dimakou K, Haworth CS, Loebinger MR, De Soyza A, Vendrell M, Burgel PR, McDonnell M, Sutharsan S, Škrgat S, Maiz-Carro L, Sibila O, Stolz D, Kauppi P, Bossios A, Hill AT, Clifton I, Crichton ML, Walker P, Menendez R, Borekci S, Obradovic D, Nowinski A, Amorim A, Torres A, Lorent N, Welte T, Blasi F, Jankovic Makek M, Shteinberg M, Boersma W, Elborn JS, Chalmers JD, Ringshausen FC; EMBARC Registry Collaborators
Eur Respir J 2024 Jun;63(6) Epub 2024 Jun 6 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01689-2023. PMID: 38609097Free PMC Article
Goutaki M, Lam YT, Alexandru M, Anagiotos A, Armengot M, Boon M, Burgess A, Caversaccio N, Crowley S, Dheyauldeen SAD, Emiralioglu N, Erdem E, van Gogh C, Gunaydin O, Haarman EG, Harris A, Hayn I, Ismail-Koch H, Karadag B, Kempeneers C, Kim S, Lorent N, Ozcelik U, Pioch C, Poirrier AML, Reula A, Roehmel J, Yiallouros P, Yumusakhuylu AC, Papon JF
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023 Jul 1;149(7):587-596. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0841. PMID: 37166807Free PMC Article
Barber AT, Shapiro AJ, Davis SD, Ferkol TW, Atkinson JJ, Sagel SD, Dell SD, Olivier KN, Milla CE, Rosenfeld M, Li L, Lin FC, Sullivan KM, Capps NA, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Leigh MW
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023 Mar;20(3):397-405. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202206-487OC. PMID: 36342963Free PMC Article
Guan Y, Yang H, Yao X, Xu H, Liu H, Tang X, Hao C, Zhang X, Zhao S, Ge W, Ni X
Chest 2021 May;159(5):1768-1781. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.006. PMID: 33577779Free PMC Article
Pifferi M, Bush A, Caramella D, Metelli MR, Di Cicco M, Piras M, Gherarducci G, Capristo C, Maggi F, Peroni D, Boner AL
Respir Med 2017 Mar;124:49-56. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.02.001. PMID: 28284321

Diagnosis

Takeuchi K, Abo M, Date H, Gotoh S, Kamijo A, Kaneko T, Keicho N, Kodama S, Koinuma G, Kondo M, Masuda S, Mori E, Morimoto K, Nagao M, Nakano A, Nakatani K, Nishida N, Nishikido T, Ohara H, Okinaka Y, Sakaida H, Shiraishi K, Suzaki I, Tojima I, Tsunemi Y, Kainuma K, Ota N, Takeno S, Fujieda S
Auris Nasus Larynx 2024 Jun;51(3):553-568. Epub 2024 Mar 27 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2024.02.001. PMID: 38537559
Shah A, Laguna TA
Pediatr Ann 2022 Feb;51(2):e82-e85. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.3928/19382359-20220119-01. PMID: 35156887
Guan Y, Yang H, Yao X, Xu H, Liu H, Tang X, Hao C, Zhang X, Zhao S, Ge W, Ni X
Chest 2021 May;159(5):1768-1781. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.006. PMID: 33577779Free PMC Article
Inaba A, Furuhata M, Morimoto K, Rahman M, Takahashi O, Hijikata M, Knowles MR, Keicho N
BMC Pulm Med 2019 Jul 25;19(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12890-019-0897-4. PMID: 31345208Free PMC Article
Shapiro AJ, Zariwala MA, Ferkol T, Davis SD, Sagel SD, Dell SD, Rosenfeld M, Olivier KN, Milla C, Daniel SJ, Kimple AJ, Manion M, Knowles MR, Leigh MW; Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium
Pediatr Pulmonol 2016 Feb;51(2):115-32. Epub 2015 Sep 29 doi: 10.1002/ppul.23304. PMID: 26418604Free PMC Article

Therapy

Spinou A, Hererro-Cortina B, Aliberti S, Goeminne PC, Polverino E, Dimakou K, Haworth CS, Loebinger MR, De Soyza A, Vendrell M, Burgel PR, McDonnell M, Sutharsan S, Škrgat S, Maiz-Carro L, Sibila O, Stolz D, Kauppi P, Bossios A, Hill AT, Clifton I, Crichton ML, Walker P, Menendez R, Borekci S, Obradovic D, Nowinski A, Amorim A, Torres A, Lorent N, Welte T, Blasi F, Jankovic Makek M, Shteinberg M, Boersma W, Elborn JS, Chalmers JD, Ringshausen FC; EMBARC Registry Collaborators
Eur Respir J 2024 Jun;63(6) Epub 2024 Jun 6 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01689-2023. PMID: 38609097Free PMC Article
Abitbul R, Amirav I, Blau H, Alkrinawi S, Aviram M, Shoseyov D, Bentur L, Avital A, Springer C, Lavie M, Prais D, Dabbah H, Elias N, Elizur A, Goldberg S, Hevroni A, Kerem E, Luder A, Roth Y, Cohen-Cymberknoh M, Ben Ami M, Mandelberg A, Livnat G, Picard E, Rivlin J, Rotschild M, Soferman R, Loges NT, Olbrich H, Werner C, Wolter A, Herting M, Wallmeier J, Raidt J, Omran H, Mussaffi H
Respir Med 2016 Oct;119:41-47. Epub 2016 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.08.015. PMID: 27692146
Andersen TN, Alanin MC, von Buchwald C, Nielsen LH
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Oct;89:164-8. Epub 2016 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.08.011. PMID: 27619050
Sunther M, Bush A, Hogg C, McCann L, Carr SB
Pediatr Pulmonol 2016 Dec;51(12):1362-1366. Epub 2016 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ppul.23479. PMID: 27273679
Shapiro AJ, Zariwala MA, Ferkol T, Davis SD, Sagel SD, Dell SD, Rosenfeld M, Olivier KN, Milla C, Daniel SJ, Kimple AJ, Manion M, Knowles MR, Leigh MW; Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium
Pediatr Pulmonol 2016 Feb;51(2):115-32. Epub 2015 Sep 29 doi: 10.1002/ppul.23304. PMID: 26418604Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Sagel SD, Kupfer O, Wagner BD, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Hoppe JE, Rosenfeld M, Sullivan KM, Tiddens HAWM, Knowles MR, Leigh MW
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023 Jan;20(1):67-74. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202204-314OC. PMID: 35984413Free PMC Article
Best S, Shoemark A, Rubbo B, Patel MP, Fassad MR, Dixon M, Rogers AV, Hirst RA, Rutman A, Ollosson S, Jackson CL, Goggin P, Thomas S, Pengelly R, Cullup T, Pissaridou E, Hayward J, Onoufriadis A, O'Callaghan C, Loebinger MR, Wilson R, Chung EM, Kenia P, Doughty VL, Carvalho JS, Lucas JS, Mitchison HM, Hogg C
Thorax 2019 Feb;74(2):203-205. Epub 2018 Aug 30 doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212104. PMID: 30166424
Halbeisen FS, Goutaki M, Spycher BD, Amirav I, Behan L, Boon M, Hogg C, Casaulta C, Crowley S, Haarman EG, Karadag B, Koerner-Rettberg C, Loebinger MR, Mazurek H, Morgan L, Nielsen KG, Omran H, Santamaria F, Schwerk N, Thouvenin G, Yiallouros P, Lucas JS, Latzin P, Kuehni CE
Eur Respir J 2018 Aug;52(2) Epub 2018 Aug 23 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01040-2018. PMID: 30049738
Boaretto F, Snijders D, Salvoro C, Spalletta A, Mostacciuolo ML, Collura M, Cazzato S, Girosi D, Silvestri M, Rossi GA, Barbato A, Vazza G
J Mol Diagn 2016 Nov;18(6):912-922. Epub 2016 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2016.07.002. PMID: 27637300
Andersen TN, Alanin MC, von Buchwald C, Nielsen LH
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Oct;89:164-8. Epub 2016 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.08.011. PMID: 27619050

Clinical prediction guides

Spinou A, Hererro-Cortina B, Aliberti S, Goeminne PC, Polverino E, Dimakou K, Haworth CS, Loebinger MR, De Soyza A, Vendrell M, Burgel PR, McDonnell M, Sutharsan S, Škrgat S, Maiz-Carro L, Sibila O, Stolz D, Kauppi P, Bossios A, Hill AT, Clifton I, Crichton ML, Walker P, Menendez R, Borekci S, Obradovic D, Nowinski A, Amorim A, Torres A, Lorent N, Welte T, Blasi F, Jankovic Makek M, Shteinberg M, Boersma W, Elborn JS, Chalmers JD, Ringshausen FC; EMBARC Registry Collaborators
Eur Respir J 2024 Jun;63(6) Epub 2024 Jun 6 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01689-2023. PMID: 38609097Free PMC Article
Sagel SD, Kupfer O, Wagner BD, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Hoppe JE, Rosenfeld M, Sullivan KM, Tiddens HAWM, Knowles MR, Leigh MW
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023 Jan;20(1):67-74. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202204-314OC. PMID: 35984413Free PMC Article
Guan Y, Yang H, Yao X, Xu H, Liu H, Tang X, Hao C, Zhang X, Zhao S, Ge W, Ni X
Chest 2021 May;159(5):1768-1781. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.006. PMID: 33577779Free PMC Article
Pifferi M, Bush A, Caramella D, Metelli MR, Di Cicco M, Piras M, Gherarducci G, Capristo C, Maggi F, Peroni D, Boner AL
Respir Med 2017 Mar;124:49-56. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.02.001. PMID: 28284321
Jorissen M, Bertrand B, Eloy P
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg 1997;51(4):353-66. PMID: 9444381

Recent systematic reviews

Inaba A, Furuhata M, Morimoto K, Rahman M, Takahashi O, Hijikata M, Knowles MR, Keicho N
BMC Pulm Med 2019 Jul 25;19(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12890-019-0897-4. PMID: 31345208Free PMC Article

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