Combined cerebellar and peripheral ataxia with hearing loss and diabetes mellitus (ACPHD) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder including defects in glucose metabolism, diffuse neurodegeneration, multiple hormone deficiencies, severe growth retardation with possible growth hormone deficiencies, and subtle osseous changes suggesting early-onset bone dysplasia (summary by Ozon et al., 2020).

Bone marrow failure and diabetes mellitus syndrome (BMFDMS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the onset of manifestations of bone marrow failure, such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and dyserythropoiesis, in infancy or early childhood. White blood cell lineages may or may not be affected. Patients with BMFDMS also develop nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the first or second decades, likely due to apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. Many patients show pigmentary skin abnormalities and short stature. Bone marrow transplant is curative for the bone marrow failure, but does not have an effect on diabetes (Dos Santos et al., 2017).