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Fixation-off epileptiform discharges

MedGen UID:
1783984
•Concept ID:
C5539413
•
Finding
Synonym: Fixation-off sensitivity
 
HPO: HP:0025644

Definition

Fixation off sensitivity (FOS) is characterized by posterior or generalized epileptiform discharges that consistently occur with conditions that eliminate central vision, such as closed eyes, complete darkness, modified Ganzfeld stimulation (using a large white surface without visual cues), and Frenzel lenses. The FOS electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern usually consists of spikes/polyspikes and waves localized in occipital regions (bilateral or unilateral) or generalized discharges. It is usually inhibited by fixation of gaze, observing patterns, or intermittent photic stimulation (e.g., flashing light or patterns used as stimuli during the recording of the EEG). [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFixation-off epileptiform discharges

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The clinical significance and electrophysiologic findings of fixation-off and closure of the eyes sensitivity: Data from a prospective unselected population.
Dede HÖ, Bebek N, Emekli S, Baykan B, Yapıcı Z, Gökyiğit A
Epilepsy Res 2021 Feb;170:106541. Epub 2020 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106541. PMID: 33387799
Long-term cognitive and behavioural follow-up in three patients with eye closure-triggered paroxysmal activity.
Termine C, Teutonico F, Balottin U, Fasce M, Ferri M, Perna S, Piccinelli P, Rubboli G, Veggiotti P
Epileptic Disord 2008 Mar;10(1):22-30. doi: 10.1684/epd.2008.0172. PMID: 18367428

Diagnosis

The clinical significance and electrophysiologic findings of fixation-off and closure of the eyes sensitivity: Data from a prospective unselected population.
Dede HÖ, Bebek N, Emekli S, Baykan B, Yapıcı Z, Gökyiğit A
Epilepsy Res 2021 Feb;170:106541. Epub 2020 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106541. PMID: 33387799
Fixation-off sensitivity.
Brigo F, Rossini F, Stefani A, Nardone R, Tezzon F, Fiaschi A, Manganotti P, Bongiovanni LG
Clin Neurophysiol 2013 Feb;124(2):221-7. Epub 2012 Aug 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.017. PMID: 22925838
Suppressors of interictal discharges in idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut.
Rots ML, De Vos CC, Smeets-Schouten JS, Portier R, van Putten MJ
Epilepsy Behav 2012 Oct;25(2):189-91. Epub 2012 Sep 30 doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.06.026. PMID: 23032130
The electroencephalogram of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
Seneviratne U, Cook M, D'Souza W
Epilepsia 2012 Feb;53(2):234-48. Epub 2011 Dec 9 doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03344.x. PMID: 22150583
fMRI/EEG in paroxysmal activity elicited by elimination of central vision and fixation.
Iannetti GD, Di Bonaventura C, Pantano P, Giallonardo AT, Romanelli PL, Bozzao L, Manfredi M, Ricci GB
Neurology 2002 Mar 26;58(6):976-9. doi: 10.1212/wnl.58.6.976. PMID: 11914422

Therapy

Reproducibility of EEG-fMRI results in a patient with fixation-off sensitivity.
Formaggio E, Storti SF, Galazzo IB, Bongiovanni LG, Cerini R, Fiaschi A, Manganotti P
Clin EEG Neurosci 2014 Jul;45(3):212-7. doi: 10.1177/1550059413497946. PMID: 24048241

Prognosis

Long-term cognitive and behavioural follow-up in three patients with eye closure-triggered paroxysmal activity.
Termine C, Teutonico F, Balottin U, Fasce M, Ferri M, Perna S, Piccinelli P, Rubboli G, Veggiotti P
Epileptic Disord 2008 Mar;10(1):22-30. doi: 10.1684/epd.2008.0172. PMID: 18367428
Interictal spikes increase cerebral glucose metabolism and blood flow: a PET study.
Bittar RG, Andermann F, Olivier A, Dubeau F, Dumoulin SO, Pike GB, Reutens DC
Epilepsia 1999 Feb;40(2):170-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02071.x. PMID: 9952263

Clinical prediction guides

Fixation-off sensitivity.
Brigo F, Rossini F, Stefani A, Nardone R, Tezzon F, Fiaschi A, Manganotti P, Bongiovanni LG
Clin Neurophysiol 2013 Feb;124(2):221-7. Epub 2012 Aug 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.017. PMID: 22925838
Long-term cognitive and behavioural follow-up in three patients with eye closure-triggered paroxysmal activity.
Termine C, Teutonico F, Balottin U, Fasce M, Ferri M, Perna S, Piccinelli P, Rubboli G, Veggiotti P
Epileptic Disord 2008 Mar;10(1):22-30. doi: 10.1684/epd.2008.0172. PMID: 18367428
Interictal spikes increase cerebral glucose metabolism and blood flow: a PET study.
Bittar RG, Andermann F, Olivier A, Dubeau F, Dumoulin SO, Pike GB, Reutens DC
Epilepsia 1999 Feb;40(2):170-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02071.x. PMID: 9952263

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