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Hyperlactatemia

MedGen UID:
162857
•Concept ID:
C0795692
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Hyperlactatemias

Definition

Increase in blood LACTATE concentration often associated with SEPTIC SHOCK; LUNG INJURY; SEPSIS; and DRUG TOXICITY. When hyperlactatemia is associated with low body pH (acidosis) it is LACTIC ACIDOSIS. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHyperlactatemia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

New Insights into the Fluid Management in Patients with Septic Shock.
Moschopoulos CD, Dimopoulou D, Dimopoulou A, Dimopoulou K, Protopapas K, Zavras N, Tsiodras S, Kotanidou A, Fragkou PC
Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 May 29;59(6) doi: 10.3390/medicina59061047. PMID: 37374251Free PMC Article
Clinical use of plasma lactate concentration. Part 2: Prognostic and diagnostic utility and the clinical management of hyperlactatemia.
Rosenstein PG, Tennent-Brown BS, Hughes D
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2018 Mar;28(2):106-121. doi: 10.1111/vec.12706. PMID: 29533517
Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It's Not All Anaerobic: Implications for Diagnosis and Management.
Suetrong B, Walley KR
Chest 2016 Jan;149(1):252-61. Epub 2016 Jan 6 doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1703. PMID: 26378980

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Epinephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Levy B, Clere-Jehl R, Legras A, Morichau-Beauchant T, Leone M, Frederique G, Quenot JP, Kimmoun A, Cariou A, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Meziani F, Louis G, Rossignol P, Duarte K, Girerd N, Mebazaa A, Vignon P; Collaborators
J Am Coll Cardiol 2018 Jul 10;72(2):173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.051. PMID: 29976291
Drug-induced hyperlactatemia.
Blohm E, Lai J, Neavyn M
Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2017 Sep;55(8):869-878. Epub 2017 Apr 27 doi: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1317348. PMID: 28447886
Early, Goal-Directed Therapy for Septic Shock - A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis.
PRISM Investigators, Rowan KM, Angus DC, Bailey M, Barnato AE, Bellomo R, Canter RR, Coats TJ, Delaney A, Gimbel E, Grieve RD, Harrison DA, Higgins AM, Howe B, Huang DT, Kellum JA, Mouncey PR, Music E, Peake SL, Pike F, Reade MC, Sadique MZ, Singer M, Yealy DM
N Engl J Med 2017 Jun 8;376(23):2223-2234. Epub 2017 Mar 21 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1701380. PMID: 28320242
A targeted real-time early warning score (TREWScore) for septic shock.
Henry KE, Hager DN, Pronovost PJ, Saria S
Sci Transl Med 2015 Aug 5;7(299):299ra122. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aab3719. PMID: 26246167
Sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia.
Garcia-Alvarez M, Marik P, Bellomo R
Crit Care 2014 Sep 9;18(5):503. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0503-3. PMID: 25394679Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

What Is the Utility of Measuring Lactate Levels in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock?
Weinberger J, Klompas M, Rhee C
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2021 Oct;42(5):650-661. Epub 2021 Sep 20 doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1733915. PMID: 34544182
Medication-Induced Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Smith ZR, Horng M, Rech MA
Pharmacotherapy 2019 Sep;39(9):946-963. Epub 2019 Aug 29 doi: 10.1002/phar.2316. PMID: 31361914
Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It's Not All Anaerobic: Implications for Diagnosis and Management.
Suetrong B, Walley KR
Chest 2016 Jan;149(1):252-61. Epub 2016 Jan 6 doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1703. PMID: 26378980
Lactic acidosis.
Kraut JA, Madias NE
N Engl J Med 2014 Dec 11;371(24):2309-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483. PMID: 25494270
Comprehensive review on lactate metabolism in human health.
Adeva-Andany M, López-Ojén M, Funcasta-Calderón R, Ameneiros-Rodríguez E, Donapetry-García C, Vila-Altesor M, Rodríguez-Seijas J
Mitochondrion 2014 Jul;17:76-100. Epub 2014 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.05.007. PMID: 24929216

Therapy

Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit.
Russell JA, Gordon AC, Williams MD, Boyd JH, Walley KR, Kissoon N
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2021 Feb;42(1):59-77. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710320. PMID: 32820475
Vasopressor therapy in critically ill patients with shock.
Russell JA
Intensive Care Med 2019 Nov;45(11):1503-1517. Epub 2019 Oct 23 doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05801-z. PMID: 31646370
Review of Biguanide (Metformin) Toxicity.
Wang GS, Hoyte C
J Intensive Care Med 2019 Nov-Dec;34(11-12):863-876. Epub 2018 Aug 21 doi: 10.1177/0885066618793385. PMID: 30126348
Epinephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Levy B, Clere-Jehl R, Legras A, Morichau-Beauchant T, Leone M, Frederique G, Quenot JP, Kimmoun A, Cariou A, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Meziani F, Louis G, Rossignol P, Duarte K, Girerd N, Mebazaa A, Vignon P; Collaborators
J Am Coll Cardiol 2018 Jul 10;72(2):173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.051. PMID: 29976291
Lactic acidosis.
Kraut JA, Madias NE
N Engl J Med 2014 Dec 11;371(24):2309-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483. PMID: 25494270

Prognosis

Demystifying Lactate in the Emergency Department.
Wardi G, Brice J, Correia M, Liu D, Self M, Tainter C
Ann Emerg Med 2020 Feb;75(2):287-298. Epub 2019 Aug 29 doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.06.027. PMID: 31474479
Vasopressor therapy in critically ill patients with shock.
Russell JA
Intensive Care Med 2019 Nov;45(11):1503-1517. Epub 2019 Oct 23 doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05801-z. PMID: 31646370
Review of Biguanide (Metformin) Toxicity.
Wang GS, Hoyte C
J Intensive Care Med 2019 Nov-Dec;34(11-12):863-876. Epub 2018 Aug 21 doi: 10.1177/0885066618793385. PMID: 30126348
Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It's Not All Anaerobic: Implications for Diagnosis and Management.
Suetrong B, Walley KR
Chest 2016 Jan;149(1):252-61. Epub 2016 Jan 6 doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1703. PMID: 26378980
Lactic acidosis.
Kraut JA, Madias NE
N Engl J Med 2014 Dec 11;371(24):2309-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483. PMID: 25494270

Clinical prediction guides

Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit.
Russell JA, Gordon AC, Williams MD, Boyd JH, Walley KR, Kissoon N
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2021 Feb;42(1):59-77. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710320. PMID: 32820475
Vasopressor therapy in critically ill patients with shock.
Russell JA
Intensive Care Med 2019 Nov;45(11):1503-1517. Epub 2019 Oct 23 doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05801-z. PMID: 31646370
Epinephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Levy B, Clere-Jehl R, Legras A, Morichau-Beauchant T, Leone M, Frederique G, Quenot JP, Kimmoun A, Cariou A, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Meziani F, Louis G, Rossignol P, Duarte K, Girerd N, Mebazaa A, Vignon P; Collaborators
J Am Coll Cardiol 2018 Jul 10;72(2):173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.051. PMID: 29976291
Early, Goal-Directed Therapy for Septic Shock - A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis.
PRISM Investigators, Rowan KM, Angus DC, Bailey M, Barnato AE, Bellomo R, Canter RR, Coats TJ, Delaney A, Gimbel E, Grieve RD, Harrison DA, Higgins AM, Howe B, Huang DT, Kellum JA, Mouncey PR, Music E, Peake SL, Pike F, Reade MC, Sadique MZ, Singer M, Yealy DM
N Engl J Med 2017 Jun 8;376(23):2223-2234. Epub 2017 Mar 21 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1701380. PMID: 28320242
Sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia.
Garcia-Alvarez M, Marik P, Bellomo R
Crit Care 2014 Sep 9;18(5):503. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0503-3. PMID: 25394679Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Metformin's Role in Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis in ICU Patients: A Systematic Review.
Mueller L, Moser M, Prazak J, Fuster DG, Schefold JC, Zuercher P
Pharmacology 2023;108(3):213-223. Epub 2023 Jan 18 doi: 10.1159/000528252. PMID: 36652938Free PMC Article
Blood lactate concentration in COVID-19: a systematic literature review.
Carpenè G, Onorato D, Nocini R, Fortunato G, Rizk JG, Henry BM, Lippi G
Clin Chem Lab Med 2022 Feb 23;60(3):332-337. Epub 2021 Dec 2 doi: 10.1515/cclm-2021-1115. PMID: 34856090
Medication-Induced Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Smith ZR, Horng M, Rech MA
Pharmacotherapy 2019 Sep;39(9):946-963. Epub 2019 Aug 29 doi: 10.1002/phar.2316. PMID: 31361914
A systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis of the validity of anion gap as a screening tool for hyperlactatemia.
Glasmacher SA, Stones W
BMC Res Notes 2017 Nov 3;10(1):556. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2853-9. PMID: 29100545Free PMC Article
Low dose versus high dose stavudine for treating people with HIV infection.
Magula N, Dedicoat M
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Jan 28;1(1):CD007497. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007497.pub2. PMID: 25627012Free PMC Article

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