U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Otosclerosis

MedGen UID:
10508
Concept ID:
C0029899
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Otoscleroses; Otospongioses; Otospongiosis
SNOMED CT: Otosclerosis (11543004); Otospongiosis (11543004)
 
HPO: HP:0000362
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005349
OMIM® Phenotypic series: PS166800

Definition

Clinical otosclerosis, the single most common cause of hearing impairment, is characterized by isolated endochondral bone sclerosis of the labyrinthine capsule. Otosclerotic foci invade the stapediovestibular joint (oval window) and interfere with free motion of the stapes. Mean age of onset is in the third decade and 90% of affected persons are under 50 years of age at the time of diagnosis. Approximately 10% of affected persons develop profound sensorineural hearing loss across all frequencies (summary by Tomek et al., 1998). Genetic Heterogeneity of Otosclerosis The locus associated with otosclerosis-1 (OTSC1) has been mapped to chromosome 15q26.1. Other loci associated with otosclerosis include OTSC2 (605727) on chromosome 7q; OTSC3 (608244) on chromosome 6p; OTSC4 (611571) on chromosome 16q; OTSC5 (608787) on chromosome 3q22-q24; OTSC7 (611572) on chromosome 6q13; OTSC8 (612096) on chromosome 9p13.1-q21.11; and OTSC10 (615589) on chromosome 1q41-q44. OTSC11 (620576) is caused by mutation in the FOXL1 gene (603252) on chromosome 16q24. OTSC12 (620792) is caused by mutation in the SMARCA4 gene (603254) on chromosome 19p13. The symbols OTSC6 and OTSC9 were reserved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee on January 30, 2003 and February 10, 2009, respectively, for as yet unpublished loci for otosclerosis. [from OMIM]

Term Hierarchy

Conditions with this feature

Osteogenesis imperfecta type I
MedGen UID:
9799
Concept ID:
C0023931
Disease or Syndrome
COL1A1/2 osteogenesis imperfecta (COL1A1/2-OI) is characterized by fractures with minimal or absent trauma, variable dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), and, in adult years, hearing loss. The clinical features of COL1A1/2-OI represent a continuum ranging from perinatal lethality to individuals with severe skeletal deformities, mobility impairments, and very short stature to nearly asymptomatic individuals with a mild predisposition to fractures, normal dentition, normal stature, and normal life span. Fractures can occur in any bone but are most common in the extremities. DI is characterized by gray or brown teeth that may appear translucent, wear down, and break easily. COL1A1/2-OI has been classified into four types based on clinical presentation and radiographic findings. This classification system can be helpful in providing information about prognosis and management for a given individual. The four more common OI types are now referred to as follows: Classic non-deforming OI with blue sclerae (previously OI type I). Perinatally lethal OI (previously OI type II). Progressively deforming OI (previously OI type III). Common variable OI with normal sclerae (previously OI type IV).
Osteogenesis imperfecta with normal sclerae, dominant form
MedGen UID:
78665
Concept ID:
C0268363
Congenital Abnormality
COL1A1/2 osteogenesis imperfecta (COL1A1/2-OI) is characterized by fractures with minimal or absent trauma, variable dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), and, in adult years, hearing loss. The clinical features of COL1A1/2-OI represent a continuum ranging from perinatal lethality to individuals with severe skeletal deformities, mobility impairments, and very short stature to nearly asymptomatic individuals with a mild predisposition to fractures, normal dentition, normal stature, and normal life span. Fractures can occur in any bone but are most common in the extremities. DI is characterized by gray or brown teeth that may appear translucent, wear down, and break easily. COL1A1/2-OI has been classified into four types based on clinical presentation and radiographic findings. This classification system can be helpful in providing information about prognosis and management for a given individual. The four more common OI types are now referred to as follows: Classic non-deforming OI with blue sclerae (previously OI type I). Perinatally lethal OI (previously OI type II). Progressively deforming OI (previously OI type III). Common variable OI with normal sclerae (previously OI type IV).
Otosclerosis 3
MedGen UID:
334054
Concept ID:
C1842353
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis 7
MedGen UID:
409738
Concept ID:
C1969044
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis 4
MedGen UID:
369916
Concept ID:
C1969046
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis 8
MedGen UID:
436965
Concept ID:
C2677515
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis 10
MedGen UID:
854867
Concept ID:
C3888339
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis is a hearing disorder that is associated with disordered bone remodeling in the otic capsule. The bone remodeling can result in conductive, mixed, or sensorineural hearing loss as a result of stapes footplate fixation or cochlear involvement (summary by Schrauwen et al., 2011).
Otosclerosis 1
MedGen UID:
1639517
Concept ID:
C4551901
Disease or Syndrome
Multiple synostoses syndrome 4
MedGen UID:
1638842
Concept ID:
C4693531
Disease or Syndrome
Multiple synostoses syndrome-4 is characterized by fusion of carpal and tarsal bones, as well as conductive hearing loss (Terhal et al., 2018). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of multiple synostoses syndrome, see SYNS1 (186500).
Otosclerosis 11
MedGen UID:
1846918
Concept ID:
C5882715
Disease or Syndrome
Otosclerosis-11 (OTSC11) is characterized by onset of progressive hearing loss in the second to third decade of life. Deafness ranges from moderate to severe, and may be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Hearing may improve with stapedectomy, but profound sensorineural deafness may require a cochlear implant (Abdelfatah et al., 2022). For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of otosclerosis, see OTSC1 (166800).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Silva VAR, Pauna HF, Lavinsky J, Guimarães GC, Abrahão NM, Massuda ET, Vianna MF, Ikino CMY, Santos VM, Polanski JF, Silva MNLD, Sampaio ALL, Zanini RVR, Lourençone LFM, Denaro MMC, Calil DB, Chone CT, Castilho AM
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2023 Sep-Oct;89(5):101303. Epub 2023 Aug 17 doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101303. PMID: 37647735Free PMC Article
de Oliveira Penido N, de Oliveira Vicente A
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):441-452. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.006. PMID: 29502728
Batson L, Rizzolo D
JAAPA 2017 Feb;30(2):17-22. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000511784.21936.1b. PMID: 28060022

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Silva VAR, Pauna HF, Lavinsky J, Guimarães GC, Abrahão NM, Massuda ET, Vianna MF, Ikino CMY, Santos VM, Polanski JF, Silva MNLD, Sampaio ALL, Zanini RVR, Lourençone LFM, Denaro MMC, Calil DB, Chone CT, Castilho AM
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2023 Sep-Oct;89(5):101303. Epub 2023 Aug 17 doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101303. PMID: 37647735Free PMC Article
Batson L, Rizzolo D
JAAPA 2017 Feb;30(2):17-22. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000511784.21936.1b. PMID: 28060022
Ealy M, Smith RJH
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2011;70:122-129. Epub 2011 Feb 24 doi: 10.1159/000322488. PMID: 21358194
Karosi T, Sziklai I
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010 Sep;267(9):1337-49. Epub 2010 Jun 9 doi: 10.1007/s00405-010-1292-1. PMID: 20532905
Ealy M, Smith RJ
Hear Res 2010 Jul;266(1-2):70-4. Epub 2009 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2009.07.002. PMID: 19607896

Diagnosis

Silva VAR, Pauna HF, Lavinsky J, Guimarães GC, Abrahão NM, Massuda ET, Vianna MF, Ikino CMY, Santos VM, Polanski JF, Silva MNLD, Sampaio ALL, Zanini RVR, Lourençone LFM, Denaro MMC, Calil DB, Chone CT, Castilho AM
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2023 Sep-Oct;89(5):101303. Epub 2023 Aug 17 doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101303. PMID: 37647735Free PMC Article
Kösling S, Plontke SK, Bartel S
Rofo 2020 Aug;192(8):745-753. Epub 2020 Mar 26 doi: 10.1055/a-1131-7980. PMID: 32215901
Eshraghi AA, Telischi FF
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):xvii-xix. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.12.001. PMID: 29502732
Danesh AA, Shahnaz N, Hall JW 3rd
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):327-342. Epub 2018 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.007. PMID: 29397946
Batson L, Rizzolo D
JAAPA 2017 Feb;30(2):17-22. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000511784.21936.1b. PMID: 28060022

Therapy

McElveen JT Jr, Kutz JW Jr
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):487-499. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.017. PMID: 29502731
Ramaswamy AT, Lustig LR
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):463-474. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.014. PMID: 29502729
de Oliveira Penido N, de Oliveira Vicente A
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):441-452. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.006. PMID: 29502728
Quesnel AM, Ishai R, McKenna MJ
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):291-303. Epub 2018 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.001. PMID: 29397947
Drug Ther Bull 2013 Feb;51(2):20-4. doi: 10.1136/dtb.2013.1.0162. PMID: 23406991

Prognosis

Fabbris C, Molteni G, Tommasi N, Marchioni D
J Laryngol Otol 2022 Mar;136(3):191-196. Epub 2021 Nov 25 doi: 10.1017/S0022215121003601. PMID: 34819176
Wiatr A, Składzień J, Świeży K, Wiatr M
Med Sci Monit 2019 Apr 12;25:2679-2686. doi: 10.12659/MSM.913635. PMID: 30975972Free PMC Article
Ferekidis E
Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2007;65:164-168. doi: 10.1159/000098801. PMID: 17245040
Gersdorff M, Nouwen J, Gilain C, Decat M, Betsch C
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2000;257(6):314-6. doi: 10.1007/s004059900138. PMID: 10993550
Shabana YK, Allam H, Pedersen CB
J Laryngol Otol 1999 May;113(5):413-6. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100144111. PMID: 10505152

Clinical prediction guides

Bălaşa Vîrzob CR, Cloşca RM, Poenaru M, Morar R, Balica NC, Sarău CA, Ioniţă I, Baderca F
Rom J Morphol Embryol 2023 Apr-Jun;64(2):189-197. doi: 10.47162/RJME.64.2.09. PMID: 37518876Free PMC Article
Voizard B, Maniakas A, Saliba I
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Dec;161(6):1018-1026. Epub 2019 Oct 1 doi: 10.1177/0194599819877652. PMID: 31570044
Wiatr A, Składzień J, Świeży K, Wiatr M
Med Sci Monit 2019 Apr 12;25:2679-2686. doi: 10.12659/MSM.913635. PMID: 30975972Free PMC Article
Danesh AA, Shahnaz N, Hall JW 3rd
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2018 Apr;51(2):327-342. Epub 2018 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.007. PMID: 29397946
Chole RA, McKenna M
Otol Neurotol 2001 Mar;22(2):249-57. doi: 10.1097/00129492-200103000-00023. PMID: 11300278

Recent systematic reviews

Kondo M, Vasan K, Jufas NE, Patel NP
Laryngoscope 2023 Jun;133(6):1288-1296. Epub 2022 Sep 9 doi: 10.1002/lary.30386. PMID: 36082830
Fabbris C, Molteni G, Tommasi N, Marchioni D
J Laryngol Otol 2022 Mar;136(3):191-196. Epub 2021 Nov 25 doi: 10.1017/S0022215121003601. PMID: 34819176
Abdurehim Y, Lehmann A, Zeitouni AG
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016 Nov;155(5):764-770. Epub 2016 Jun 21 doi: 10.1177/0194599816655310. PMID: 27329418
Bittermann AJ, Wegner I, Noordman BJ, Vincent R, van der Heijden GJ, Grolman W
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014 Jan;150(1):34-9. Epub 2013 Oct 29 doi: 10.1177/0194599813509951. PMID: 24170657
Karosi T, Szekanecz Z, Sziklai I
Autoimmun Rev 2009 Dec;9(2):95-101. Epub 2009 Mar 24 doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.03.009. PMID: 19318139

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...