ClinVar

Description

The p.Gly12Cys variant in GJB2 has been previously identified by our laboratory in 7 individuals with hearing loss; one individual was homozygous for the varian t and four individuals had a second pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in G JB2, supporting an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. The p.Gly12Cys varia nt has also been reported in the literature in 11 individuals with hearing loss. In 1 individual, a variant affecting the remaining copy of GJB2 was identified; however, in the remaining 10 individuals, a variant affecting the remaining DFN B1 allele was not identified (Tang 2006, Azaiez 2004, Putcha 2007, Mendelsberg-F ishbein 2013, Hernandez-Juarez 2014). Furthermore, this variant has been reporte d in ClinVar and is classified as likely pathogenic by the Hearing Loss Expert P anel (ClinVar Variation ID 44740). This variant was identified in 0.38% (129/340 98) of Latino chromosomes by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD, http://gno mad.broadinstitute.org; dbSNPrs104894408). While the frequency data meets the th reshold for likely benign variants when there is no conflicting information, the evidence supporting pathogenicity outweighs the evidence supporting a likely be nign classification. Three other amino acid changes have been reported at this p osition; p.Gly12Arg has been associated with clinical features of an autosomal d ominant form of hearing loss (Keratitis-Ichthyosis-deafness syndrome), and p.Gly 12Val and p.Gly12Asp which have been associated with an autosomal recessive hear ing loss. Glycine (Gly) at position 12 is highly conserved in mammals and evolut ionarily distant species, supporting that a change at this position may not be t olerated. Additional computational prediction tools suggest that the p.Gly12Cys variant may impact the protein. In summary, although additional studies are requ ired to fully establish its clinical significance, this variant meets criteria t o be classified as likely pathogenic for autosomal recessive hearing loss. ACMG/ AMP Criteria applied: PM3_VeryStrong, PM5, PP3.