[Table, Examples of Policy, Push and Pull Actions at Different Levels] - Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation

	Macro (global and national)	Meso (institutional, city and community)	Micro (household and individual)
Policy	R&D investment Right to food legislation Food safety regulation	Zoning and marketing regulation Prioritising fruit and vegetables (F&V) in institutional food procurement plans	Protected foraging rights Land rights
Push	Production subsidies Efficiency through breeding and technology Support for diverse alternative production paradigms Infrastructure development Fair finance access	Quality F&V planting material (formal and informal systems) Pre- and post-harvest practices and packaging Improving market access, shortening food supply chains F&V extension and training Support for fresh food outlets	Home & community gardens
Pull	Price subsidies Social safety nets Food-based dietary guidelines	F&V-rich institutional meals Basic processing for preservation Social marketing campaigns Promotion of traditional F&V F&V product placement in shops and canteens	Nutrition literacy campaigns School gardens and learning for shaping preferences

From: Fruits and Vegetables for Healthy Diets: Priorities for Food System Research and Action

Cover of Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation

Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation [Internet].

von Braun J, Afsana K, Fresco LO, et al., editors.

Cham (CH): Springer; 2023.

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