Table 7V&P, PROs, and Gap Data Statistically Significantly Associated With Women's Satisfaction With Hospital Childbirth Services; N (unweighted) = 500a

CharacteristicCrude hospital satisfaction ≥9, No. (%)P valueAdjusted hospital satisfaction ≥9, % (95% CI)OR (95% CI)P value
V&P Items
Want partner/support person in the room (n = 481)b .0036.0162
 Yes (n = 465; 96.7%)285 (61.3%)61.6 (56.9-66.0)4.39 (1.31-14.6)
 No (n = 16; 3.3%)4 (25.0%)26.7 (10.0-54.5)REF
Gap Data
Gap wanted and got massage (n = 500) .0173.0079
 Yes (n = 96; 19.2%)68 (70.8%)71.1 (58.6-81.0)2.00 (1.20-3.32)
 No (n = 404; 80.8%)230 (57.1%)55.2 (44.3-65.6)REF
Gap wanted and got pain treatment: massage (n = 500) .0033.0079
 Yes (n = 80; 16.0%)60 (75.0%)77.3 (64.3-86.6)2.62 (1.48-4.63)
 No (n = 420; 84.0%)238 (56.7%)56.5 (46.1-66.4)REF
Gap wanted and got shower/tub (n = 500) .0753.0327
 Yes (n = 36; 7.2%)27 (75.0%)77.6 (59.3-89.1)2.42 (1.08-5.43)
 No (n = 464; 92.8%)271 (58.4%)58.8 (48.6-68.3)REF
Gap wanted but did not get narcotics (n = 500) .0510.0464
 Yes (n = 74; 14.8%)36 (48.6%)49.1 (34.5-63.9)0.59 (0.36-0.99)
 No (n = 426; 85.2%)262 (61.5%)61.9 (51.7-71.1)REF
Gap wanted but did not get to be involved in decisions regarding labor pain (N = 498) .0001.0008
 Yes (n = 38; 7.6%)11 (28.9%)31.8 (17.2-51.2)0.27 (0.13-0.58)
 No (n = 460; 92.4%)286 (62.2%)63.4 (53.3-72.5)REF
PROs
PP nurse comfort (n = 498) .0023.0401
 Yes (n = 486; 97.6%)294 (60.5%)60.5 (56.0-64.9)5.34 (1.08-26.5)
 No (n = 12; 2.4%)2 (16.7%)22.3 (5.5-58.4)REF
PP pain treatment massage (n = 500) .0089.0024
 Yes (n = 103; 20.6%)73 (70.9%)73.5 (64.0-81.3)2.15 (1.31-3.54)
 No (n = 396; 79.4%)225 (56.7%)56.3 (51.2-61.3)REF
PP coped well with labor pain (n = 499) .0004.0013
 Not well or moderately well (n = 289; 57.9%)153 (52.9%)53.4 (47.4-59.3)REF 1.91 (1.29-2.83)
 Very to extremely well (n = 210; n = 42.1%)144 (68.6%)68.6 (61.7-74.8)
PP pain relief during labor inadequate (n = 500) .0008.0007
 Yes (n = 86; 17.2%)37 (43.0%)42.7 (32.4-53.6)0.43 (0.26-0.70)
 No (n = 413; 82.8%)261 (63.2%)63.5 (58.6-68.1)REF
PP doula in room (n = 500) .1345.0428
 Yes (n = 38; 7.6%)27 (71.1%)67.1 (59.8-87.2)2.26 (1.03-4.97)
 No (n = 265; 92.4%)271 (58.7%)58.5 (53.8-63.1)REF
PP had choice of who was in the room (n = 500) .0025.0050
 Yes (n = 440; 88.0%)273 (62.0%)62.3 (57.6-66.9)2.30 (1.28-4.10)
 No (n = 60; 12.0%)25 (41.7%)41.9 (29.6-55.3)REF
PP had assistance with positions (n = 500) .0001.0002
 Yes (n = 396; 79.2%)253 (63.9%)64.3 (59.3-69.0)2.38 (1.51-3.76)
 No (n = 104; 20.8%)45 (43.3%)43.1 (33.6-53.1)REF
PP continuous electronic fetal monitoring (n = 500) .0054.0164
 Yes (n = 408; 81.6%)255 (62.5%)62.5 (57.6-67.2)1.79 (1.11-2.87)
 No (n = 92; 18.4%)43 (46.7%)48.3 (37.9-58.8)REF
PP involved in decisions regarding labor pain management (n = 500) .0003.0021
 Yes (n = 446; 89.2%)278 (62.3%)62.5 (57.7-67.0)2.69 (1.43-5.05)
 No (n = 54; 10.8%)20 (37.0%)38.3 (25.5-52.9)REF
PP adequate space and food for support person (n = 494) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 446; 89.2%)272 (64.0%)64.3 (59.5-68.8)3.60 (2.06-6.28)
 No (n = 54; 10.8%)23 (33.3%)33.4 (23.0-45.6)REF
PP adequate space and food for support person (n = 494) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 425; 86.0%)272 (64.0%)64.3 (59.5-68.8)3.60 (2.06-6.28)
 No (n = 69; 14.0%)23 (33.3%)33.4 (23.0-45.6)REF
PP used birthing stool (n = 494) .2360.0139
 Yes (n = 30; 6.1%)21 (70.0%)81.5 (64.6-91.4)3.12 (1.26-7.74)
 No (n = 464; 93.9%)274 (59.1%)58.5 (53.8-63.1)REF
PP told about progress in labor (n = 499) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 436; 87.4%)275 (63.1%)63.5 (58.7-68.0)3.31 (1.86-5.88)
 No (n = 63; 12.6%)22 (34.9%)34.6 (23.5-47.4)REF
PP satisfied with support person (n = 495) .0008.0044
 Yes (n = 455; 91.9%)282 (62.0%)62.1 (57.4-66.5)2.78 (1.38-5.63)
 No (n = 40; 8.1%)14 (35.0%)37.0 (23.0-53.6)REF
PP debriefed regarding events of labor (n = 498) <.0001.0002
 Yes (n = 310; 62.2%)207 (66.8%)66.5 (56.0-75.4)2.09 (1.41-3.08)
 No (n = 188; 37.8%)90 (47.9%)48.6 (36.8-60.5)REF
PP debriefed regarding patient's feelings (n = 500) .0002.0005
 Yes (n = 268; 53.6%)180 (67.2%)67.3 (61.3-72.8)1.96 (1.34-2.86)
 No (n = 232; 46.4%)118 (50.9%)51.3 (44.6-57.9)REF
PP newborn placed skin to skin (n = 500) .0116.0148
 Yes (n = 383; 76.6%)240 (62.7%)63.0 (57.9-67.9)1.74 (1.11-2.71)
 No (n = 117; 23.4%)58 (49.6%)49.5 (40.1-59.0)REF
PP given breastfeeding info within 24 h (n = 499) .0145.0177
 Yes (n = 462; 92.6%)282 (61.0%)61.4 (56.7-65.9)2.39 (1.16-4.90)
 No (n = 37; 7.4%)15 (40.5%)40.0 (25.1-57.1)REF
PP breastfeeding encouragement from provider (n = 499) .0001.0005
 Just right (n = 408; 81.8%)261 (64.0%)64.2 (59.3-68.8)REF
 Too little (n = 44; 8.8%)15 (34.1%)35.1 (21.9-51.0)0.31 (0.15-0.60).0007
 Too much (n = 47; 9.4%)22 (46.8%)46.3 (32.2-61.1)0.48 (0.25-0.91).0245
PP got practical support feeding baby (n = 497) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 423; 85.1%)275 (65.0%)65.5 (60.7-70.0)4.30 (2.48-7.47)
 No (n = 74; 14.9%)23 (31.1%)30.6 (21.0-42.3)REF
PP received info regarding newborn daily care (n = 500) .0513.0316
 Yes (n = 436; 87.2%)267 (61.2%)61.8 (57.0-66.4)1.84 (1.06-3.20)
 No (N = 64; 12.8%)31 (48.4%)46.9 (34.6-59.6)REF
PP received info regarding vaccines (n = 498) .0005.0004
 Yes (n = 388; 77.9%)248 (63.9%)64.5 (59.5-69.3)2.26 (1.44-3.54)
 No (n = 110; 22.1%)50 (45.5%)44.6 (35.3-54.3)REF
PP received info regarding newborn's sleep position (n = 500) .0036.0072
 Yes (n = 435; 87.0%)270 (62.1%)62.3 (57.5-66.9)2.14 (1.23-3.73)
 No (n = 65; 13.0%)28 (43.1%)43.6 (31.6-56.5)REF
PP comfortable holding baby (n = 496) .1136.1894
 Yes (n = 458; 92.3%)277 (60.5%)60.7 (56.0-65.2)1.61 (0.79-3.28)
 No (n = 38; 7.7%)18 (47.4%)48.9 (32.6-65.4)REF
PP felt safe holding baby (n = 477) .0079.0050
 Yes (n = 431; 90.4%)270 (62.6%)63.3 (63.1-72.5)2.19 (1.27-3.77)
 No (n = 46; 9.6%)19 (41.3%)44.1 (29.9-59.4)REF
PP length of stay <24 h (n = 500) .0137.0176
 Yes (n = 40; 8.0%)16 (40.0%)40.9 (26.3-57.3)0.43 (0.22-0.86)
 No (n = 460; 92.0%)282 (61.3%)61.5 (56.9-66.0)REF
PP tubal sterilization (n = 498) .0457.0281
 Yes (n = 34; 6.8%)26 (76.5%)79.9 (62.7-90.4)2.71 (1.11-6.59).0283
 Planned but not donec (n = 32; 6.4%)15 (46.9%)46.5 (29.3-64.7)0.59 (0.27-1.28).1838
 No (n = 432; 86.8%)257 (59.5%)59.5 (54.7-64.2)REF
Childbirth-specific High-level Variables
PP staff respected spiritual/cultural needs (n = 500) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 390; 78.0%)258 (66.2%)65.9 (60.9-70.6)3.16 (1.98-5.02)
 No (n = 110; 22.0%)40 (36.4%)38.0 (29.0-47.9)REF
PP childbirth went smoothly (n = 500) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 391; 78.2%)254 (65.0%)65.0 (60.0-69.7)2.61 (1.65-4.13)
 No (n = 109; 21.8%)44 (40.4%)41.6 (32.3-51.5)
PP felt safe (n = 500) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 444; 88.8%)282 (63.5%)63.8 (59.0-68.2)4.27 (2.24-8.13)
 No (n = 56; 11.2%)16 (28.6%)29.2 (18.3-43.1)
PP left choices to provider (n = 500) .0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 187; 37.4%)132 (70.6%)70.5 (59.8-79.4)2.31 (1.54-3.47)
 No (n = 313; 62.6%)166 (53.0%)50.9 (39.7-61.9)REF
Gap wanted to stay in control but didn't (n = 499) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 53; 10.6%)17 (32.1%)34.5 (21.1-50.8)0.28 (0.15-0.53)
 No (n = 446; 89.4%)280 (94.3%)65.0 (54.8-74.0)REF
PP lost control (n = 498) .0443.0382
 Yes (n = 125; 25.1%)65 (52.0%)51.7 (42.6-60.7)0.64 (0.41-0.98)
 No (n = 373; 74.9%)232 (62.2%)62.7 (57.5-67.7)REF
PP believed to be in control (n = 500) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 397; 79.4%)256 (64.5%)64.8 (59.8-69.5)2.65 (1.66-5.23)
 No (n = 103; 20.6%)42 (40.8%)41.0 (31.5-51.2)REF
PP got reassurance from the provider (n = 500) .0002.0003
 Yes (n = 455; 91.0%)283 (62.2%)62.7 (58.0-67.1)3.47 (1.78-6.79)
 No (n = 45; 9.0%)15 (33.3%)32.6 (20.3-47.8)REF
Wanted but did not get reassurance from the provider (n = 499) .0002.0002
 Yes (n = 39; 7.8%)12 (30.8%)29.2 (15.6-48.0)0.25 (0.12-0.52)
 No (n = 460; 92.2%)286 (62.2%)62.3 (62.2-71.4)REF
Nonspecific high-level variables
HCAHPS nurse showed respect top boxd <.0001<.0001
 Yes (381; 76.7%)267 (70.1%)70.8 (65.9-75.3)7.31 (1.50-2.48)
 No (116; 23.3%)30 (25.9%)24.9 (17.8-33.8)REF
HCAHPS doctor showed respect top boxd <.0001<.0001
 Yes (388; 78.2%)268 (69.1%)69.6 (64.8-74.1)6.80 (4.13-11.18)
 No (108; 21.8%)28 (25.9%)25.2 (17.8-34.4)REF
HCAHPS doctor explained top boxd <.0001<.0001
 Yes (359; 71.9%)252 (70.2%)70.6 (65.5-75.2)5.10 (3.29-7.92)
 No (140; 28.1%)45 (32.1%)31.9 (24.5-40.4)REF
Knew how to care for self and newborn at discharge <.0001.0001
 Yes (469; 94.0%)296 (63.1%)63.5 (58.9-67.8)55.42(7.23-424.9)
 No (30; 6.0%)1 (3.3%)3.0 (0.4-19.2)REF
PP saw doctor enough (n = 496) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 303)211 (69.6%)70.2 (64.6-75.2)3.11 (2.10-4.60)
 No (n = 193)84 (43.3%)43.1 (36.1-50.4)REF
PP saw RN enough (n = 497) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 440)277 (62.8%)63.3 (58.6-67.8)3.76 (2.02-6.99)
 No (n = 57)19 (33.3%)31.5 (20.4-45.2)REF
PP no one explained what was happening (n = 499) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 106)43 (40.6%)40.1 (30.8-50.2)0.36 (0.22-0.57)
 No (n = 393)255 (64.7%)65.2 (60.2-69.9)REF
PP could not question providers (n = 499) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 61)18 (29.5%)29.9 (19.4-43.1)0.24 (0.13-0.44)
 No (n = 438)280 (63.8%)64.0 (59.3-68.5)REF
PP felt providers ignored them (n = 498) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 57)19 (33.3%)32.3 (21.1-46.1)0.27 (0.15-0.51)
 No (n = 441)279 (63.1%)63.6 (58.8-68.1)REF
PP staff was compassionate (n = 497) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 441)286 (64.7%)64.9 (60.2-69.3)7.34 (3.59-15.00)
 No (n = 56)11 (19.6%)20.1 (11.3-33.3)REF
PP staff was pleasant (n = 497) <.0001<.0001
 Yes (n = 458)287 (62.5%)62.9 (58.3-67.4)5.09 (2.34-11.05)
 No (n = 39)10 (25.6%)25.0 (13.7-41.3)REF

Abbreviations: HCAHPS, Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems; OR, odds ratio; PP, postpartum; PRO, patient-reported outcome; REF, reference; RN, registered nurse; V&P, values and preferences.

aResults are adjusted for maternal age, education level, race/ethnicity, US region, delivery category, pregnancy complications, overall health, and overall mental health.

bOf 19 participants with missing data, 8 stated they had no partner.

cWomen who planned for a tubal sterilization and got it were more likely than those who planned for it and did not have it to be satisfied with the hospital: OR = 4.58 (95% CI, 1.48-14.14); P = .0082.

d“Top box” refers to the most positive response to HCAHPS survey items.

From: Developing an Item Bank of Survey Questions to Measure Women's Experiences with Childbirth in Hospitals

Cover of Developing an Item Bank of Survey Questions to Measure Women's Experiences with Childbirth in Hospitals
Developing an Item Bank of Survey Questions to Measure Women's Experiences with Childbirth in Hospitals [Internet].
Gregory KD, Korst LM, Fridman M, et al.
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