TABLE 3, [Patient characteristics by year]. - The impact of opiate substitution treatment on mortality risk in drug addicts: a natural experiment study

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Steer CD, Macleod J, Tilling K, et al. The impact of opiate substitution treatment on mortality risk in drug addicts: a natural experiment study. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2019 Jan. (Health Services and Delivery Research, No. 7.3.)

The impact of opiate substitution treatment on mortality risk in drug addicts: a natural experiment study.

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TABLE 3

Patient characteristics by year

Year	OST patients	Age (years)	Gender (% male)	Medications (% of patients)
Year	OST patients	Age (years)	Gender (% male)	M	B	D	BD	ZD	PG
1998	1160	32.78	68.10	86.03	8.45	15.00	42.07	10.78	0.60
1999	1707	32.43	67.72	85.82	7.79	15.35	37.26	12.71	0.64
2000	1948	33.04	68.84	83.21	10.22	17.30	37.47	13.86	0.87
2001	2357	33.43	68.22	77.94	18.24	17.95	35.51	12.13	0.93
2002	2805	33.90	67.45	73.16	23.78	16.51	36.72	13.58	1.21
2003	3274	34.16	67.78	71.90	27.09	12.98	34.18	12.16	1.56
2004	3574	34.57	67.04	69.56	30.64	11.58	32.18	11.39	2.52
2005	3783	35.26	66.93	68.89	32.30	11.10	32.88	12.00	2.88
2006	3978	36.25	68.00	69.43	31.57	10.41	33.43	13.70	3.14
2007	4118	37.21	67.53	69.31	30.67	10.13	32.25	12.94	4.15
2008	4276	37.95	67.45	71.02	29.09	9.10	32.16	12.04	4.07
2009	4188	38.60	66.52	72.11	27.72	8.55	31.45	12.30	4.75
2010	4129	39.42	67.35	73.12	26.64	8.09	30.35	12.62	6.32
2011	3919	40.16	67.44	73.03	25.85	7.76	30.62	12.78	7.76
2012	3681	40.82	67.24	70.99	27.68	7.25	30.05	12.66	9.07
2013	3413	41.47	67.07	69.32	29.62	7.47	28.66	11.10	11.08
2014	2670	42.55	67.45	67.57	30.82	7.68	26.89	10.90	12.70
Overall	12,780	36.04	66.63	78.62	36.03	15.37	47.44	25.37	9.20
Trend^a		0.681	0.997	0.971	1.036	0.930	0.971	0.995	1.213
SE (trend)		0.0099	0.0021	0.0023	0.0025	0.0032	0.0021	0.0030	0.0058
p-value		< 0.0001	0.2119	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.1149	< 0.0001
Deviation		< 0.0001	0.9956	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.0790	0.0070	0.3984

: B, buprenorphine; BD, benzodiazepines; D, dihydrocodeine; M, methadone; PG, pregabalin/gabapentin; SE, standard error; ZD, z-drugs.
a: Trend is additive for age and multiplicative for all other outcomes.
: Note
: The totals of the percentages exceed 100% as a result of some patients being prescribed multiple medications within any given year.

From: Chapter 4, Trends in opiate substitution treatment, patient characteristics and prescribing practice

Copyright © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2019. This work was produced by Steer et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK.

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Steer CD, Macleod J, Tilling K, et al. The impact of opiate substitution treatment on mortality risk in drug addicts: a natural experiment study. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2019 Jan. (Health Services and Delivery Research, No. 7.3.) TABLE 3, [Patient characteristics by year].
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