Some of the major parasitic helminths of mammals
| Parasite | |
|---|---|
| Trematodes | |
| Blood flukes | |
| Schistosoma mansoni | causes human schistosomiasis (affects mesenteric veins draining large intestine) |
| Schistosoma haematobium | causes human schistosomiasis (affects urinary bladder plexus) |
| Schistosoma japonicum | causes human schistosomiasis (affects mesentery veins in the small intestine) |
| Liver flukes | |
| Fasciola hepatica | primarily infects ruminants and occasionally humans (worms live in biliary tract) |
| Clonorchis sinensis | most prevalent liver fluke in humans (can be acquired by eating raw fish) |
| Cestodes | |
| Taenia solium | long human tapeworm acquired by eating undercooked pork |
| Echinococcus granulosus | shorter human tapeworm acquired by eating undercooked lamb (parasitic cysts [hydatids] occur in liver and elsewhere) |
| Taeniarhynchus saginatus | long human tapeworm acquired by eating undercooked beef |
| Nematodes | |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | most common intestinal roundworm in humans |
| Trichuris trichiura | intestinal whipworm in humans |
| Enterobius vermicularis | tiny intestinal roundworm (causes perianal night itch in children) |
| Necator americanus | intestinal hookworm of humans (causes anemia) |
| Ancylostoma duodenale | intestinal hookworm of humans (causes anemia) |
| Strongyloides stercoralis | intestinal parasite (causes autoinfection) |
| Haemonchus contortus | intestinal parasite of sheep and goats |
| Trichinella spiralis | smallest nematode parasite of humans (trichinosis) residing in muscle fibers (acquired from eating undercooked pork) |
| Onchocerca volvulus | filarial parasite (causes river blindness) |
| Wuchereria bancrofti | filaria live in lymph nodes causing elephantiasis |
| Brugia malayi | filaria live in lymph nodes causing elephantiasis |
| Dirofilaria immitis | dog heartworm |
From: Chapter 43, Parasitic Infections
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