| Study | Number of cases/controls | Exposure | Relative risk | 95% confidence interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renal pelvis | ||||
| McLaughlin et al 1992 | 115/181 | Never smoked | 1.0 | |
| Ever smoked | 2.0 | 0.7-3.0 | ||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 1.4 | 0.7-3.0 | ||
| 20-39 cigarettes/day | 2.7 | 1.4-5.2 | ||
| >40 cigarettes/day | 3.4 | 0.9-13.4 | ||
| Ureter | ||||
| McLaughlin et al. 1992 | 56/81 | Never smoked | 1.0 | |
| Ever smoked | 3.1 | 0.9-6.4 | ||
| 20-39 cigarettes/day | 2.4 | 0.9-6.4 | ||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 4.2 | 1.6-11.3 | ||
| >40 cigarettes/day | 3.7 | 0.4-38.9 | ||
| Bladder | ||||
| Hartge et al. 1993 | 666/1,401 | White women | 1.0 | |
| Never smoked | ||||
| Former smoked | ||||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 2.0 | 1.4-2.7 | ||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 1.3 | 0.9-2.0 | ||
| Current smokers | ||||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 2.0 | 1.5-2.7 | ||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 3.1 | 2.4-4.2 | ||
| Black women | ||||
| Never smoked | 1.0 | |||
| Former smokers | ||||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 3.6 | 1.0-13.0 | ||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 5.0 | 0.9-28.0 | ||
| Current smokers | ||||
| <20 cigarettes/day | 1.7 | 0.6-4.7 | ||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 2.1 | 0.4-10.0 | ||
| Renal parenchyma | ||||
| McLaughlin et al. 1995b | 682/880 | Never smoked | 1.0 | |
| Ever smoked | 1.2 | 0.9-1.5 | ||
| 1-20 cigarettes/day | 1.1 | 0.9-1.4 | ||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 2.2 | 1.1-3.2 |
From: Chapter 3. Health Consequences of Tobacco Use Among Women
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.