| Outcomes | No of Participants (studies) Follow up | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Anticipated absolute effects | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk with Control | Risk difference with Soft tissue technique + self-management (exercise prescription) versus Alexander technique (24 lessons) (95% CI) | |||
| Quality of life (SF-36 physical component summary score, 0-100) >4 months | 117 (1 study) 1 year | LOWa,b due to risk of bias, imprecision | The mean Quality of life (SF-36 physical component summary score, 0-100) >4 months in the control groups was 67.93 | The mean Quality of life (SF-36 physical component summary score, 0-100) >4 months in the intervention groups was 8.47 lower (17.15 lower to 0.21 higher) |
| Quality of life (SF-36 mental component summary score, 0-100) >4 months | 117 (1 study) 1 year | MODERATEa due to risk of bias | The mean Quality of life (SF-36 mental component summary score, 0-100) >4 months in the control groups was 68.54 | The mean Quality of life (SF-36 mental component summary score, 0-100) >4 months in the intervention groups was 1.01 lower (9.32 lower to 7.3 higher) |
| Pain severity (Von Korff pain scale, 0-10) >4 months | 118 (1 study) 1 year | LOWa,b due to risk of bias, imprecision | The mean pain severity (von Korff pain scale) >4 months in the control groups was 3.4 | The mean pain severity (von Korff pain scale) >4 months in the intervention groups was 0.68 higher (0.28 lower to 1.64 higher) |
| Function (RMDQ, 0-24) >4 months | 117 (1 study) 1 year | LOWa,b due to risk of bias, imprecision | The mean function (RMDQ) >4 months in the control groups was 5.09 | The mean function (RMDQ) >4 months in the intervention groups was 1.77 higher (0.11 lower to 3.65 higher) |
| Healthcare utilisation (primary care contacts) > 4 months | 117 (1 study) 1 year | MODERATEa due to risk of bias | The mean Healthcare utilisation (primary care contacts) > 4 months in the control groups was 0.44 | The mean Healthcare utilisation (primary care contacts) > 4 months in the intervention groups was 0.12 lower (0.42 lower to 0.18 higher) |
| Healthcare utilisation (prescriptions) >4 months | 93 (1 study) 1 year | LOWa,b due to risk of bias, imprecision | The mean Healthcare utilisation (prescriptions) >4 months in the control groups was 1.07 | The mean Healthcare utilisation (prescriptions) >4 months in the intervention groups was 0.49 lower (1.14 lower to 0.16 higher) |
Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias
Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed 1 MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.
From: 12, Manual therapies
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