TABLE 9

Types of boundary objects in theory

RepositoriesStandardised methods and formsObjects, models and maps (representations)Symbolic objectsBoundary spanners
Disease registersCare pathways
Formal implementation methods
Assessment tools
Best practice guidelines
Standards of care
Quality improvement methods and tools, i.e. PDSA, audit tools
Change packages		Models and frameworks of implementation, e.g. K2A, PARIHS, CFIR
Concrete models
Diagrams and visual representations
Published output
Annual reports
Newsletters
Multimedia
Electronic communications		CLAHRC concept and vision
Evidence-based practice
Implementation/knowledge mobilisation		Knowledge brokers
Knowledge transfer associates
Nutritional champions
Health trainers and educators
CLAHRC co-ordinators
Other formal/informal roles

CFIR, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research; PDSA, plan, do, study, act.

From: Chapter 5, Cross-case and cross-framework narrative

Cover of Collective action for knowledge mobilisation: a realist evaluation of the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care
Collective action for knowledge mobilisation: a realist evaluation of the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care.
Health Services and Delivery Research, No. 3.44.
Rycroft-Malone J, Burton C, Wilkinson J, et al.
Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2015 Dec.
Copyright © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2015. This work was produced by Rycroft-Malone et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK.

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