TABLE 8-8Potential Countermeasures Against T-2 Mycotoxin

AntidoteEfficacyAvailabilityPotential Civilian UtilityStockpile
Topical skin Protectant (TSP)Passive protectionGoal is FDA license by FY00Prehospital high-risk personnelHealth dept.
Reactive TSP (decontaminates)Proof of principleGoal is FDA license by FY08Prehospital high-risk personnelN/A
Corticosteroids (systemic)High doses decreased primary injury and shock in animal studiesYesPossible supportive therapyN/A
BN52021 (a platelet activating factor antagonist)Prolongs rat survival when given after a lethal doseResearchPossible therapyN/A
Despeciated monoclonal Anti-idiotype antibody100% effective for rats 30 min before T2 exposure or 15 min after exposurePreclinicalPrehospital high-risk personnelN/A
Prophylactic enzyme induction: flavonoids, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, seleniumRodent studies onlyPreclinicalPrehospital high-risk personnelN/A
Prophylaxis: mycotoxins conjugated to a carrier protein creates immunogenHighly specific and not successful against other trichothecenesPreclinicalPrehospital high-risk personnelN/A

From: 8, Availability, Safety, and Efficacy of Drugs and Other Therapies

Cover of Chemical and Biological Terrorism
Chemical and Biological Terrorism: Research and Development to Improve Civilian Medical Response.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1999.
Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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