TABLE 8-7, Potential Antidotes for Ricin Poisoning - Chemical and Biological Terrorism

Antidote	Efficacy	Availability	Potential Civilian Utility	Stockpile
Antiricin rabbit antibodies tested parenterally in mice following inhalation at 1 hour Produced by toxoid of native toxin or purified A chain	Pretreatment at 1 hour protected mice from 5 × LD₅₀	Preclinical testing	Prehospital task force	Poison center Health dept.
Toxoid is micro-encapsulated in galactide-glycolyde microparticles	Active immunization	Preclinical testing	Prehospital task force	N/A
Formalin treated toxoid	Passive prophylaxis	Preclinical testing	Postexposure	N/A
α-deglycosylated A chain as antigen	Effective in mice after one immunization	Submitted to FDA as IND	Pretreatment	N/A
Supportive chemotherapy	Transition state inhibitors block enzymatic effects on A chain	Preclinical testing	Insufficient evidence	N/A

Antidote

Efficacy

Availability

Potential Civilian Utility

Stockpile

Antiricin rabbit antibodies tested parenterally in mice following inhalation at 1 hour
Produced by toxoid of native toxin or purified A chain

Pretreatment at 1 hour protected mice from 5 × LD₅₀

Preclinical testing

Prehospital task force

Poison center
Health dept.

Toxoid is micro-encapsulated in galactide-glycolyde microparticles

Active immunization

Preclinical testing

Prehospital task force

N/A

Formalin treated toxoid

Passive prophylaxis

Preclinical testing

Postexposure

N/A

α-deglycosylated A chain as antigen

Effective in mice after one immunization

Submitted to FDA as IND

Pretreatment

N/A

Supportive chemotherapy

Transition state inhibitors block enzymatic effects on A chain

Preclinical testing

Insufficient evidence

N/A

Chemical and Biological Terrorism: Research and Development to Improve Civilian Medical Response.

Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents.

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