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    PNMT phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5409, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    GeneRIFPubMed TitleDate
    Composite paraganglioma-ganglioneuroma with atypical catecholamine profile and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase expression: a case report and literature review.

    Composite paraganglioma-ganglioneuroma with atypical catecholamine profile and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase expression: a case report and literature review.
    Sasaki Y, Kanzawa M, Yamamoto M, Kanie K, Bando H, Yoshino K, Hirota Y, Shigemura K, Fujisawa M, Ogawa W, Fukuoka H.

    01/31/2024
    The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain control and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene expression after cesarean section.

    The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain control and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene expression after cesarean section.
    Chen W, Liu C, Yang Y, Tian L.

    04/2/2022
    Overexpression of miR-375 and L-type Amino Acid Transporter 1 in Pheochromocytoma and Their Molecular and Functional Implications.

    Overexpression of miR-375 and L-type Amino Acid Transporter 1 in Pheochromocytoma and Their Molecular and Functional Implications.
    Manso J, Bertazza L, Barollo S, Mondin A, Censi S, Carducci S, Ferrara AM, Boschin IM, Zovato S, Schiavi F, Gregianin M, Pennelli G, Iacobone M, Mian C., Free PMC Article

    03/26/2022
    Epistasis between phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase and beta2-adrenergic receptor influences extracellular epinephrine level and associates with the susceptibility to allergic asthma.

    Epistasis between phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase and β2-adrenergic receptor influences extracellular epinephrine level and associates with the susceptibility to allergic asthma.
    Sio YY, Matta SA, Ng YT, Chew FT.

    06/12/2021
    PNMT underexpression is associated with malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase downregulation is associated with malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma.
    Lee SE, Oh E, Lee B, Kim YJ, Oh DY, Jung K, Choi JS, Kim J, Kim SJ, Yang JW, An J, Oh YL, Choi YL., Free PMC Article

    01/20/2018
    initial velocity studies on human PNMT in the absence and presence of product and dead end inhibitors.

    Kinetic and pH studies on human phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase.
    Wu Q, McLeish MJ., Free PMC Article

    12/14/2013
    The 2-SNP AA haplotype in the PNMT promoter is associated with decreased risk of essential hypertension in Han Chinese.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene promoter haplotypes and risk of essential hypertension.
    Huang C, Zhang S, Hu K, Ma Q, Yang T.

    02/18/2012
    PNMT G-390A polymorphism is possibly associated with essential hypertension risk in male Chinese Han population.

    [Association of genetic polymorphism in phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase with essential hypertension in Changsha Han people].
    Chen A, Chen X, Shi R, Guo Y, Chen L, Xie M, Yang T, Zhang G, Chen A, Chen X, Shi R, Guo Y, Chen L, Xie M, Yang T, Zhang G.

    05/7/2011
    In Caucasians, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with the development of acute kidney injury, disease severity, and in-hospital mortality.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms and adverse outcomes in acute kidney injury.
    Alam A, O'Connor DT, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada AY, Chen Y, Rao F, Mahata M, Mahata S, Liangos O, Jaber BL, Alam A, O'Connor DT, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada AY, Chen Y, Rao F, Mahata M, Mahata S, Liangos O, Jaber BL., Free PMC Articles: PMC2865401, PMC2865401

    01/1/2011
    Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)

    Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study.
    Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, Montpetit A, Diaz R, Mohan V, Keavney B, Yusuf S, Gerstein HC, Engert JC, Anand S, DREAM investigators., Free PMC Article

    09/15/2010
    PNMT variants in cis may interact with nuclear factors in trans to govern adrenergic activity.

    Conserved regulatory motifs at phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) are disrupted by common functional genetic variation: an integrated computational/experimental approach.
    Rodríguez-Flores JL, Zhang K, Kang SW, Wen G, Ghosh S, Friese RS, Mahata SK, Subramaniam S, Hamilton BA, O'Connor DT., Free PMC Article

    08/2/2010
    the reaction takes place via an SN2 mechanism with methyl transfer being rate-limiting

    The reaction mechanism of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase: a density functional theory study.
    Georgieva P, Wu Q, McLeish MJ, Himo F., Free PMC Article

    01/21/2010
    The crystal structures illustrate the adaptability of the PNMT substrate binding site in accepting multi-fused ring systems, such as substituted norbornene, as well as noradrenochrome, the oxidation product of noradrenaline.

    Molecular recognition of physiological substrate noradrenaline by the adrenaline-synthesizing enzyme PNMT and factors influencing its methyltransferase activity.
    Drinkwater N, Gee CL, Puri M, Criscione KR, McLeish MJ, Grunewald GL, Martin JL., Free PMC Article

    01/21/2010
    Haplotypes of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) have functionally important effects on alcohol-induced cardiovascular symptoms by affecting blood catecholamine levels.

    Effects of functional polymorphisms related to catecholaminergic systems on changes in blood catecholamine and cardiovascular measures after alcohol ingestion in the Japanese population.
    Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Minami J, Tanii H, Saijoh K, Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Minami J, Tanii H, Saijoh K.

    01/21/2010
    We examined the correlation between reward dependence (RD) trait, and 5 polymorphisms in genes of norepinephrine pathways. We found that rs3764351 in PNMT was significantly associated with reward dependence trait.

    Association study between reward dependence temperament and a polymorphism in the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene in a Japanese female population.
    Yamano E, Isowa T, Nakano Y, Matsuda F, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Ohira H, Kosugi S, Yamano E, Isowa T, Nakano Y, Matsuda F, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Ohira H, Kosugi S.

    01/21/2010
    Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)See all PubMed (2) articles

    Alteration of gastric functions and candidate genes associated with weight reduction in response to sibutramine.
    Vazquez Roque MI, Camilleri M, Clark MM, Tepoel DA, Jensen MD, Graszer KM, Kalsy SA, Burton DD, Baxter KL, Zinsmeister AR.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase G-148A genetic variant and weight loss in obese women.
    Peters WR, MacMurry JP, Walker J, Giese RJ Jr, Comings DE, Peters WR, MacMurry JP, Walker J, Giese RJ Jr, Comings DE.

    03/13/2008
    Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)See all PubMed (16) articles

    Association study of 182 candidate genes in anorexia nervosa.
    Pinheiro AP, Bulik CM, Thornton LM, Sullivan PF, Root TL, Bloss CS, Berrettini WH, Schork NJ, Kaye WH, Bergen AW, Magistretti P, Brandt H, Crawford S, Crow S, Fichter MM, Goldman D, Halmi KA, Johnson C, Kaplan AS, Keel PK, Klump KL, La Via M, Mitchell JE, Strober M, Rotondo A, Treasure J, Woodside DB.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms and adverse outcomes in acute kidney injury.
    Alam A, O'Connor DT, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada AY, Chen Y, Rao F, Mahata M, Mahata S, Liangos O, Jaber BL, Alam A, O'Connor DT, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada AY, Chen Y, Rao F, Mahata M, Mahata S, Liangos O, Jaber BL.

    [Association of genetic polymorphism in phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase with essential hypertension in Changsha Han people].
    Chen A, Chen X, Shi R, Guo Y, Chen L, Xie M, Yang T, Zhang G, Chen A, Chen X, Shi R, Guo Y, Chen L, Xie M, Yang T, Zhang G.

    Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip.
    Talmud PJ, Drenos F, Shah S, Shah T, Palmen J, Verzilli C, Gaunt TR, Pallas J, Lovering R, Li K, Casas JP, Sofat R, Kumari M, Rodriguez S, Johnson T, Newhouse SJ, Dominiczak A, Samani NJ, Caulfield M, Sever P, Stanton A, Shields DC, Padmanabhan S, Melander O, Hastie C, Delles C, Ebrahim S, Marmot MG, Smith GD, Lawlor DA, Munroe PB, Day IN, Kivimaki M, Whittaker J, Humphries SE, Hingorani AD, ASCOT investigators, NORDIL investigators, BRIGHT Consortium.

    Association study between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 199 drug-related genes and commonly measured quantitative traits of 752 healthy Japanese subjects.
    Saito A, Kawamoto M, Kamatani N.

    Identification of new putative susceptibility genes for several psychiatric disorders by association analysis of regulatory and non-synonymous SNPs of 306 genes involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment.
    Gratacòs M, Costas J, de Cid R, Bayés M, González JR, Baca-García E, de Diego Y, Fernández-Aranda F, Fernández-Piqueras J, Guitart M, Martín-Santos R, Martorell L, Menchón JM, Roca M, Sáiz-Ruiz J, Sanjuán J, Torrens M, Urretavizcaya M, Valero J, Vilella E, Estivill X, Carracedo A, Psychiatric Genetics Network Group.

    The influence of serotonin- and other genes on impulsive behavioral aggression and cognitive impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Findings from a family-based association test (FBAT) analysis.
    Oades RD, Lasky-Su J, Christiansen H, Faraone SV, Sonuga-Barke EJ, Banaschewski T, Chen W, Anney RJ, Buitelaar JK, Ebstein RP, Franke B, Gill M, Miranda A, Roeyers H, Rothenberger A, Sergeant JA, Steinhausen HC, Taylor EA, Thompson M, Asherson P.

    Effects of functional polymorphisms related to catecholaminergic systems on changes in blood catecholamine and cardiovascular measures after alcohol ingestion in the Japanese population.
    Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Minami J, Tanii H, Saijoh K, Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Minami J, Tanii H, Saijoh K.

    Association study between reward dependence temperament and a polymorphism in the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene in a Japanese female population.
    Yamano E, Isowa T, Nakano Y, Matsuda F, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Ohira H, Kosugi S, Yamano E, Isowa T, Nakano Y, Matsuda F, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Ohira H, Kosugi S.

    Human phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase genetic polymorphisms and exercise-induced epinephrine release.
    Ji Y, Snyder EM, Fridley BL, Salavaggione OE, Moon I, Batzler A, Yee VC, Schaid DJ, Joyner MJ, Johnson BD, Weinshilboum RM.

    Resequencing PNMT in European hypertensive and normotensive individuals: no common susceptibilily variants for hypertension and purifying selection on intron 1.
    Kepp K, Juhanson P, Kozich V, Ots M, Viigimaa M, Laan M, Kepp K, Juhanson P, Kozich V, Ots M, Viigimaa M, Laan M.

    HapMap-based study of the 17q21 ERBB2 amplicon in susceptibility to breast cancer.
    Benusiglio PR, Pharoah PD, Smith PL, Lesueur F, Conroy D, Luben RN, Dew G, Jordan C, Dunning A, Easton DF, Ponder BA.

    The analysis of 51 genes in DSM-IV combined type attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: association signals in DRD4, DAT1 and 16 other genes.
    Brookes K, Xu X, Chen W, Zhou K, Neale B, Lowe N, Anney R, Franke B, Gill M, Ebstein R, Buitelaar J, Sham P, Campbell D, Knight J, Andreou P, Altink M, Arnold R, Boer F, Buschgens C, Butler L, Christiansen H, Feldman L, Fleischman K, Fliers E, Howe-Forbes R, Goldfarb A, Heise A, Gabriëls I, Korn-Lubetzki I, Johansson L, Marco R, Medad S, Minderaa R, Mulas F, Müller U, Mulligan A, Rabin K, Rommelse N, Sethna V, Sorohan J, Uebel H, Psychogiou L, Weeks A, Barrett R, Craig I, Banaschewski T, Sonuga-Barke E, Eisenberg J, Kuntsi J, Manor I, McGuffin P, Miranda A, Oades RD, Plomin R, Roeyers H, Rothenberger A, Sergeant J, Steinhausen HC, Taylor E, Thompson M, Faraone SV, Asherson P.

    Association of polymorphisms in the promoter region of the PNMT gene with essential hypertension in African Americans but not in whites.
    Cui J, Zhou X, Chazaro I, DeStefano AL, Manolis AJ, Baldwin CT, Gavras H.

    Association between the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene and multiple sclerosis.
    Mann MB, Wu S, Rostamkhani M, Tourtellotte W, MacMurray JP, Comings DE, Mann MB, Wu S, Rostamkhani M, Tourtellotte W, MacMurray JP, Comings DE.

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene and early-onset Alzheimer disease.
    Mann MB, Wu S, Rostamkhani M, Tourtellotte W, MacMurray J, Comings DE.

    03/13/2008
    Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)

    A multivariate analysis of 59 candidate genes in personality traits: the temperament and character inventory.
    Comings DE, Gade-Andavolu R, Gonzalez N, Wu S, Muhleman D, Blake H, Mann MB, Dietz G, Saucier G, MacMurray JP.

    03/13/2008
    disulfide-linked dimers are as active as the monomeric enzyme indicating that the crystal structure of the protein is a valid target for inhibitor design.

    Disulfide-linked dimers of human adrenaline synthesizing enzyme PNMT are catalytically active.
    Gee CL, Nourse A, Hsin AY, Wu Q, Tyndall JD, Grunewald GL, McLeish MJ, Martin JL.

    01/21/2010
    the differences in PNMT expression between normotensives and hypertensives are not determined by the polymorphisms in this gene, but rather by the interplay of gene expression regulators, which may vary among individuals

    Resequencing PNMT in European hypertensive and normotensive individuals: no common susceptibilily variants for hypertension and purifying selection on intron 1.
    Kepp K, Juhanson P, Kozich V, Ots M, Viigimaa M, Laan M, Kepp K, Juhanson P, Kozich V, Ots M, Viigimaa M, Laan M., Free PMC Articles: PMC1947951, PMC1947951

    01/21/2010
    Association between the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene and multiple sclerosis.

    Association between the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene and multiple sclerosis.
    Mann MB, Wu S, Rostamkhani M, Tourtellotte W, MacMurray JP, Comings DE, Mann MB, Wu S, Rostamkhani M, Tourtellotte W, MacMurray JP, Comings DE.

    01/21/2010
    pharmacologic and biochemical evidence of beta-carboline 2N-methyltransferase activity

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase has beta-carboline 2N-methyltransferase activity: hypothetical relevance to Parkinson's disease.
    Gearhart DA, Neafsey EJ, Collins MA.

    01/21/2010
    Nicotinic stimuli appear to regulate expression of the epinephrine-synthesizing gene PNMT through a previously uncharacterized regulatory element.

    Nicotine stimulates expression of the PNMT gene through a novel promoter sequence.
    Evinger MJ, Mathew E, Cikos S, Powers JF, Lee YS, Sheikh S, Ross RA, Tischler AS.

    01/21/2010
    homozygosity/heterozygosity of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene polymorphism was highly predictive of significant weight loss with sibutramine during the first 3 months of obesity treatment

    Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase G-148A genetic variant and weight loss in obese women.
    Peters WR, MacMurry JP, Walker J, Giese RJ Jr, Comings DE, Peters WR, MacMurry JP, Walker J, Giese RJ Jr, Comings DE.

    01/21/2010
    Human PNMT has been crystallized in complex with an inhibitor and the cofactor product S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and diffraction data measured from a cryocooled crystal extend to a resolution of 2.3 A.

    Crystallization of PNMT, the adrenaline-synthesizing enzyme, is critically dependent on a high protein concentration.
    Begun J, McLeish MJ, Caine JM, Palant E, Grunewald GL, Martin JL.

    01/21/2010
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