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    OAS2 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 4939, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    OAS2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:8087
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000111335 MIM:603350; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8087
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the 2-5A synthetase family, essential proteins involved in the innate immune response to viral infection. The encoded protein is induced by interferons and uses adenosine triphosphate in 2'-specific nucleotidyl transfer reactions to synthesize 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5As). These molecules activate latent RNase L, which results in viral RNA degradation and the inhibition of viral replication. The three known members of this gene family are located in a cluster on chromosome 12. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Annotation information
    Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in immune response or antiviral activity.
    Expression
    Broad expression in spleen (RPKM 18.2), lymph node (RPKM 14.1) and 22 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    See OAS2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    12q24.13
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (112978519..113011723)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (112955143..112988347)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (113416324..113449528)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7052 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24142 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24146 and experimental_24152 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24159 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24163 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24171 and experimental_24176 Neighboring gene 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24215 and experimental_24231 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24264 and experimental_24270 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3381 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24293 and experimental_24295 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24298, experimental_24301 and experimental_24306 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24317/24320 and experimental_24338 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24357 and experimental_24368 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24404 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24448 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_24456 and experimental_24461 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24463 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24487 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7053 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24505 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24515 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4887 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24520 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24535 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak1965 silencer Neighboring gene 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 3 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:113400746-113401246 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:113401247-113401747 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24547 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24553 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7054 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7056 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7055 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7057 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24560 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24566 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24567 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:113444541-113445740 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_24568 Neighboring gene inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase subunit 1 pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4888 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7058 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S15a pseudogene 32

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The 69-kDa 2-5A synthetase is composed of two homologous and adjacent functional domains. Marié I, et al. J Biol Chem, 1992 May 15. PMID 1577824
    2. Epigenetic regulation of OAS2 shows disease-specific DNA methylation profiles at individual CpG sites. Gu X, et al. Sci Rep, 2016 Aug 30. PMID 27572959, Free PMC Article
    3. Polymorphism of OAS2 rs739901 C/A Involves the Susceptibility to EV71 Infection in Chinese Children. Tan YX, et al. Curr Med Sci, 2018 Aug. PMID 30128873
    4. Impact of double-stranded RNA characteristics on the activation of human 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2). Koul A, et al. Biochem Cell Biol, 2020 Feb. PMID 30965010
    5. Ultrastructural localization of interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-activated enzymes in human cells. Besse S, et al. Exp Cell Res, 1998 Mar 15. PMID 9521856

    See all (57) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 Contribute to Epidermal Keratinocyte Proliferation by Regulating Cell Cycle and Augmenting IFN-1Induced Jak1Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 Phosphorylation in Psoriasis.
      Title: OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 Contribute to Epidermal Keratinocyte Proliferation by Regulating Cell Cycle and Augmenting IFN-1‒Induced Jak1‒Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 Phosphorylation in Psoriasis.
    2. Long noncoding RNA SATB1-AS1 contributes to the chemotherapy resistance through the microRNA-580/ 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 axis in acute myeloid leukemia.
      Title: Long noncoding RNA SATB1-AS1 contributes to the chemotherapy resistance through the microRNA-580/ 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 axis in acute myeloid leukemia.
    3. Structural and Hydrodynamic Characterization of Dimeric Human Oligoadenylate Synthetase 2.
      Title: Structural and Hydrodynamic Characterization of Dimeric Human Oligoadenylate Synthetase 2.
    4. Quantitative Proteomic Profile of Psoriatic Epidermis Identifies OAS2 as a Novel Biomarker for Disease Activity.
      Title: Quantitative Proteomic Profile of Psoriatic Epidermis Identifies OAS2 as a Novel Biomarker for Disease Activity.
    5. The OAS2 showed a marked increase in activity with increasing dsRNA length with a minimum requirement of 35 bp.
      Title: Impact of double-stranded RNA characteristics on the activation of human 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2).
    6. Low OAS2 expression is associated with colorectal cancer metastasis, mediating perineural and lymphovascular invasion.
      Title: Opposite functions of GSN and OAS2 on colorectal cancer metastasis, mediating perineural and lymphovascular invasion, respectively.
    7. OAS2 rs739901 5'-flanking C/A genetic polymorphisms involve the susceptibility to EV71 infection, and A allele might be a risk factor of the susceptibility to EV-71 infection.
      Title: Polymorphism of OAS2 rs739901 C/A Involves the Susceptibility to EV71 Infection in Chinese Children.
    8. Mx1 and OAS1-2 polymorphisms were associated with the severity of liver disease in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, suggesting a significant role in the progression of hepatic fibrosis.
      Title: Mx1, OAS1 and OAS2 polymorphisms are associated with the severity of liver disease in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients: A cross-sectional study.
    9. Epigenetic regulation of OAS2 shows disease-specific DNA methylation profiles at individual CpG sites.
      Title: Epigenetic regulation of OAS2 shows disease-specific DNA methylation profiles at individual CpG sites.
    10. we characterized the functional consequences of the Neandertal haplotype in the transcriptional regulation of OAS genes at baseline and infected conditions. We found that cells from people with the Neandertal-like haplotype express lower levels of OAS3 upon infection, as well as distinct isoforms of OAS1 and OAS2
      Title: Adaptively introgressed Neandertal haplotype at the OAS locus functionally impacts innate immune responses in humans.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Preliminary evidence of genetic determinants of adiponectin response to fenofibrate in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat HIV-1 and the viral protein Tat modulate the expression of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2, 69/71kDa (OAS2) in immature dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat interacts with interferon-inducible enzymes 2-5A synthetase and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase to influence the rate of translation and protein synthesis in vitro PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr upregulates the gene expression of OAS2 in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC78578

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ATP binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables double-stranded RNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables double-stranded RNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables double-stranded RNA binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in RNA catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in antiviral innate immune response IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in defense response to bacterium IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in defense response to virus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of viral genome replication IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of interferon-beta production IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of lactation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to virus TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
    is_active_in membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2
    Names
    (2'-5')oligo(A) synthetase 2
    2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2, 69/71kDa
    2-5A synthase 2
    p69 OAS / p71 OAS
    NP_001027903.1
    NP_002526.2
    NP_058197.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029692.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5051..38255
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001032731.2 → NP_001027903.1  2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001027903.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an additional segment in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, which leads to a premature stop codon. It encodes isoform 3, which has a shorter, distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC004551, BC069052, BE885222
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS44982.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q7Z6D0
      Related
      ENSP00000411763.2, ENST00000449768.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd05400
      Location:31 → 150
      NT_2-5OAS_ClassI-CCAase; Nucleotidyltransferase (NT) domain of 2'5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A)synthetase (2-5OAS) and class I CCA-adding enzyme

    2. NM_002535.3 → NP_002526.2  2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002526.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional segment in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1, which leads to a premature stop codon. It encodes isoform 2, also known as p69, which has a shorter, distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC004551, BC049215, BE885222, BQ213828
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS41839.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8KA41
      Related
      ENSP00000376362.3, ENST00000392583.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05400
      Location:362 → 545
      NT_2-5OAS_ClassI-CCAase; Nucleotidyltransferase (NT) domain of 2'5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A)synthetase (2-5OAS) and class I CCA-adding enzyme
      pfam10421
      Location:498 → 685
      OAS1_C; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, domain 2, C-terminus

    3. NM_016817.3 → NP_058197.2  2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_058197.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1), which is also known as the p71 isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC004551, BC049215, BE885222, BQ213828
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS31906.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K9T1, P29728, Q6PJ33, Q86XX8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8KA41
      Related
      ENSP00000342278.4, ENST00000342315.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05400
      Location:362 → 545
      NT_2-5OAS_ClassI-CCAase; Nucleotidyltransferase (NT) domain of 2'5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A)synthetase (2-5OAS) and class I CCA-adding enzyme
      pfam10421
      Location:496 → 683
      OAS1_C; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, domain 2, C-terminus

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      112978519..113011723
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      112955143..112988347
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P29728.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P29728

    Gene LinkOut

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