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    XRCC4 X-ray repair cross complementing 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 7518, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    XRCC4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    X-ray repair cross complementing 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12831
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000152422 MIM:194363; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12831
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    SSMED; hXRCC4
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene functions together with DNA ligase IV and the DNA-dependent protein kinase in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This protein plays a role in both non-homologous end joining and the completion of V(D)J recombination. Mutations in this gene can cause short stature, microcephaly, and endocrine dysfunction (SSMED). Alternate transcript variants such as NM_022406 are unlikely to be expressed in some individuals due to a polymorphism (rs1805377) in the last splice acceptor site. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2019]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 2.7), lymph node (RPKM 2.1) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See XRCC4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5q14.2
    Exon count:
    14
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (83077547..83374473)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (83566676..83868132)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (82373366..82649579)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379052 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22739 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82322441-82323288 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82323395-82323896 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82323897-82324396 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 167A Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82372329-82373294 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82373295-82374260 Neighboring gene small Cajal body-specific RNA 18 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L13 pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5318 silencer Neighboring gene coenzyme Q10B pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22741 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5319 silencer Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22742 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82650217-82651159 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16152 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:82674443-82675136 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379053 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22743 Neighboring gene ferritin heavy chain 1 pseudogene 9

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Significant association of XRCC4 single nucleotide polymorphisms with childhood leukemia in Taiwan. Wu KH, et al. Anticancer Res, 2010 Feb. PMID 20332465
    2. Might there be a link between intron 3 VNTR polymorphism in the XRCC4 DNA repair gene and the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis? Pehlivan S, et al. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 2015 Jan. PMID 25494482
    3. Lung cancer susceptibility and genetic polymorphism of DNA repair gene XRCC4 in Taiwan. Hsu NY, et al. Cancer Biomark, 2009. PMID 19729825
    4. A recessive variant of XRCC4 predisposes to non- BRCA1/2 breast cancer in chinese women and impairs the DNA damage response via dysregulated nuclear localization. He M, et al. Oncotarget, 2014 Dec 15. PMID 25360583, Free PMC Article
    5. Canonical non-homologous end joining in mitosis induces genome instability and is suppressed by M-phase-specific phosphorylation of XRCC4. Terasawa M, et al. PLoS Genet, 2014 Aug. PMID 25166505, Free PMC Article

    See all (282) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Crosstalk between BER and NHEJ in XRCC4-Deficient Cells Depending on hTERT Overexpression.
      Title: Crosstalk between BER and NHEJ in XRCC4-Deficient Cells Depending on hTERT Overexpression.
    2. Critical residues in the Ku70 von Willebrand A domain mediate Ku interaction with the LigIV-XRCC4 complex in non-homologous end-joining.
      Title: Critical residues in the Ku70 von Willebrand A domain mediate Ku interaction with the LigIV-XRCC4 complex in non-homologous end-joining.
    3. DNA Repair Enzyme XRCC4 30 bp Indel Intron 3 Locus Significant Association with Predisposition of Cataract in Senility.
      Title: DNA Repair Enzyme XRCC4 30 bp Indel Intron 3 Locus Significant Association with Predisposition of Cataract in Senility.
    4. Androgen signaling stabilizes genomes to counteract senescence by promoting XRCC4 transcription.
      Title: Androgen signaling stabilizes genomes to counteract senescence by promoting XRCC4 transcription.
    5. APTX acts in DNA double-strand break repair in a manner distinct from XRCC4.
      Title: APTX acts in DNA double-strand break repair in a manner distinct from XRCC4.
    6. Systematic analysis identifies XRCC4 as a potential immunological and prognostic biomarker associated with pan-cancer.
      Title: Systematic analysis identifies XRCC4 as a potential immunological and prognostic biomarker associated with pan-cancer.
    7. Genome stabilityrelated lncRNA ZFPM2AS1 promotes tumor progression via miR30655p/XRCC4 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
      Title: Genome stability‑related lncRNA ZFPM2‑AS1 promotes tumor progression via miR‑3065‑5p/XRCC4 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    8. Dysregulation of X-ray repair cross-complementing 4 expression in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis.
      Title: Dysregulation of X-ray repair cross-complementing 4 expression in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis.
    9. XRCC4 and MRE11 Roles and Transcriptional Response to Repair of TALEN-Induced Double-Strand DNA Breaks.
      Title: XRCC4 and MRE11 Roles and Transcriptional Response to Repair of TALEN-Induced Double-Strand DNA Breaks.
    10. X-ray scattering reveals disordered linkers and dynamic interfaces in complexes and mechanisms for DNA double-strand break repair impacting cell and cancer biology.
      Title: X-ray scattering reveals disordered linkers and dynamic interfaces in complexes and mechanisms for DNA double-strand break repair impacting cell and cancer biology.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (153)

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Short stature, microcephaly, and endocrine dysfunction
    MedGen: C4225288 OMIM: 616541 GeneReviews: Not available
    		Compare labs

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis is associated with rare HLA-DQB1 and HLA-B alleles.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Meta-analysis identifies loci affecting levels of the potential osteoarthritis biomarkers sCOMP and uCTX-II with genome wide significance.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Two-marker association tests yield new disease associations for coronary artery disease and hypertension.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    NOT enables DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables FHA domain binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT enables ligase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA ligation involved in DNA repair IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA ligation involved in DNA repair IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to lithium ion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in double-strand break repair IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of ligase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein localization to site of double-strand break IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to X-ray IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to X-ray IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of DNA ligase IV complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of DNA ligase IV complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT located_in condensed chromosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of nonhomologous end joining complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in site of double-strand break IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in site of double-strand break IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    DNA repair protein XRCC4
    Names
    X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 4

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_047086.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..281215
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001318012.3 → NP_001304941.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses alternate splice sites in the 5' UTR and in the 3' coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is longer than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 4 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC010655, BC016314, DA067761
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4059.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K3X4, Q13426, Q9BS72, Q9UP94
      Related
      ENSP00000421491.1, ENST00000511817.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 334
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    2. NM_001318013.2 → NP_001304942.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a distinct, shorter C-terminus than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC005259, DA067761
      Related
      ENST00000542685.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 308
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    3. NM_003401.5 → NP_003392.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003392.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1. Variants 1 and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC010655, BC016314, BT007216, DA067761, U40622
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4058.1
      Related
      ENSP00000379344.4, ENST00000396027.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 332
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    4. NM_022406.5 → NP_071801.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_071801.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is longer than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 4 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC010655, BC016314, BT007216, DA067761
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4059.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K3X4, Q13426, Q9BS72, Q9UP94
      Related
      ENSP00000342011.6, ENST00000338635.10
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 334
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    5. NM_022550.4 → NP_072044.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_072044.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC010655, BC016314, DA067761, U40622
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4058.1
      Related
      ENSP00000282268.3, ENST00000282268.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 332
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      83077547..83374473
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047417695.1 → XP_047273651.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X3

    2. XM_017009827.3 → XP_016865316.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X3

    3. XM_047417696.1 → XP_047273652.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X4

    4. XM_047417697.1 → XP_047273653.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X5

    5. XM_017009828.3 → XP_016865317.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X5

    6. XM_047417698.1 → XP_047273654.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X6

    7. XM_011543626.2 → XP_011541928.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011541928.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K3X4, Q13426, Q9BS72, Q9UP94
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06632
      Location:2 → 334
      XRCC4; DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination protein XRCC4

    8. XM_047417694.1 → XP_047273650.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      83566676..83868132
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054353431.1 → XP_054209406.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X3

    2. XM_054353432.1 → XP_054209407.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X3

    3. XM_054353433.1 → XP_054209408.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X4

    4. XM_054353435.1 → XP_054209410.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X5

    5. XM_054353434.1 → XP_054209409.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X5

    6. XM_054353436.1 → XP_054209411.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X6

    7. XM_054353429.1 → XP_054209404.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K3X4, Q13426, Q9BS72, Q9UP94

    8. XM_054353430.1 → XP_054209405.1  DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q13426.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q13426

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