Structured Abstract

Contents

• 1. Introduction
  • Purpose of Review and Prior USPSTF Recommendation
  • Condition Definition
  • Prevalence and Burden of Disease
  • Etiology and Natural History
  • Risk Factors
  • Rationale for Screening
  • Interventions/Treatment
  • Recommendations of Other Groups
• 2. Methods
  • Key Questions and Analytic Framework
  • Search Strategy
  • Study Selection
  • Data Abstraction and Quality Rating
  • Data Synthesis
  • External Review
• 3. Results
  • Key Question 1 What Are the Benefits of Treatment of Early-Stage or Screen-Detected Prostate Cancer?
  • Key Question 2 What Are the Harms of Treatment of Early-Stage or Screen-Detected Prostate Cancer?
  • Contextual Question How Often is Each Treatment Currently Performed in U.S. Men With PSA-Detected Cancer?
• 4. Discussion
  • Summary of Review Findings
  • Limitations
  • Emerging Issues
  • Future Research
  • Conclusions
• References
• Appendixes
  • Appendix A Abbreviations
  • Appendix B Detailed Methods
  • Appendix C Evidence Tables and Quality Tables

Acknowledgements: The authors thank AHRQ Medical Officer Jennifer Croswell, MD, MPH, and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Leads Ned Calonge, MD, MPH, Michael LeFevre, MD, MSPH, Rosanne Leipzig, MD, PhD, and Timothy Wilt, MD, MPH, for their contributions to this report. The authors also thank Kenneth Lin, MD, and Mary Barton, MD, MPP, for their contributions.

Prepared for: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services¹, Contract No. HHSA-290-2007-10057-I-EPC3, Task Order No. 3, Prepared by: Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Oregon Health & Science University²,

Suggested citation:

Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Fu R, Blazina I, Gleitsmann K, Rugge JB. Treatments for Localized Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review to Update the 2002 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation. Evidence Synthesis No. 91. AHRQ Publication No. 12-05161-EF-1. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; October 2011.

This report is based on research conducted by the Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. 290-02-0024). The investigators involved have declared no conflicts of interest with objectively conducting this research. The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s), who are responsible for its content, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

The information in this report is intended to help clinicians, employers, policymakers, and others make informed decisions about the provision of health care services. This report is intended as a reference and not as a substitute for clinical judgment.

This report may be used, in whole or in part, as the basis for the development of clinical practice guidelines and other quality enhancement tools, or as a basis for reimbursement and coverage policies. AHRQ or U.S. Department of Health and Human Services endorsement of such derivative products may not be stated or implied.

1

540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850; www​.ahrq.gov

2

3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239; www​.ohsu.edu/epc