Patterns of recurrence in women with advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Gynecol Oncol. 2021 May;161(2):389-395. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.01.039. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

Abstract

Objective(s): To identify recurrence patterns and outcomes in women with advanced or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Methods: This is an IRB-approved single-institution cohort study of women who underwent CRS+HIPEC for advanced or recurrent EOC followed in a prospective registry from 1/12/2014-3/1/2020. Recurrence locations were defined as pelvic, upper abdominal (UA) and/or extra-peritoneal (EP). Univariate analysis assessed associations between recurrence location, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results: In total, 92 women with EOC underwent interval (56.5%; n=52) or recurrent CRS+HIPEC (43.5%; n=40). For interval CRS+HIPEC, recurrence locations were pelvic in 50.0% (n=15), UA in 23.3% (n=7) and EP in 56.7% (n=17); 40.0% (n=12) were EP alone. Similarly, for recurrent CRS+HIPEC, recurrence locations were pelvic (22.5%, n=9), UA (5.0%, n=2) and EP (60.0%, n=24); 66.7% (n=20) were EP alone. For both interval and recurrent CRS+HIPEC, median PFS was 10.5 vs. 13.0 months for pelvic and UA vs. EP only recurrences (p=0.02). Similarly, median OS was 29.2 months for pelvic and UA and not reached for EP only (p=0.05). For interval CRS+HIPEC, there was no difference in median PFS (10.6 vs. 11.7 months, p=0.68) and OS (27.1 vs. 24.8 months, p=0.96) for pelvic and UA vs EP alone. However, for recurrent CRS+HIPEC, pelvic and UA sites of recurrence were associated with reduced PFS (10.0 vs. 18.1 months, p=0.03) and OS (33.6 months vs. not reached, p=0.02) vs. EP only.

Conclusions: In women with advanced or recurrent EOC undergoing CRS+HIPEC, one-half of patients experience their first recurrence outside of the peritoneal cavity. Providers must be aware of the risk of EP failure in patients treated with CRS+HIPEC.

Keywords: Epithelial ovarian cancer; Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; Recurrence.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Abdominal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Abdominal Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial / secondary*
  • Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial / therapy
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy*
  • Middle Aged
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / mortality
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Pelvic Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Pelvic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pelvic Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents