We describe 7 human immunodeficiency virus-infected Malawian children with Kaposi sarcoma who met criteria for Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) inflammatory cytokine syndrome. Each presented with persistent fevers, bulky lymphadenopathy, massive hepatosplenomegaly, and severe cytopenias. Plasma analyses were performed in 2 patients, both demonstrating extreme elevations of KSHV viral load and interleukin 6.
Keywords: Kaposi sarcoma; Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus; Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus inflammatory cytokine syndrome; human herpesvirus 8; pediatric oncology.
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.