Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome-like Clinical Presentation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children in Malawi

Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 13;69(11):2022-2025. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz250.

Abstract

We describe 7 human immunodeficiency virus-infected Malawian children with Kaposi sarcoma who met criteria for Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) inflammatory cytokine syndrome. Each presented with persistent fevers, bulky lymphadenopathy, massive hepatosplenomegaly, and severe cytopenias. Plasma analyses were performed in 2 patients, both demonstrating extreme elevations of KSHV viral load and interleukin 6.

Keywords: Kaposi sarcoma; Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus; Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus inflammatory cytokine syndrome; human herpesvirus 8; pediatric oncology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / mortality
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / pathogenicity*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Lymphadenopathy / metabolism
  • Lymphadenopathy / virology
  • Malawi
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / metabolism
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / virology*

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Interleukin-6