Retrospective Review of Clinical and Chest X-Ray Findings in Children Admitted to a Community Hospital for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2018 Dec;57(14):1686-1692. doi: 10.1177/0009922818795902. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Abstract

Introduction: We performed a retrospective study to evaluate demographics, clinical course, outcome, and radiological findings of children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

Methods: Four hundred patients admitted between October 2013 and May 2016 were enrolled. Clinical and radiographic trends were evaluated for association with severity of RSV presentation. Severity was defined as hospitalization >2 days, pediatric intensive care unit admission, or need for mechanical ventilation.

Results: Common clinical findings included fever (78.5%), coughing (97%), rhinorrhea/congestion (93%), and hypoxia (44.8%). Hypoxia was seen in 64.7% of the severe group compared with 32.0% in the nonsevere group ( P < .001). Airspace opacification was seen in 49.2% of chest X-rays of the severe group compared with 26.4% in the nonsevere group ( P < .001).

Conclusion: Higher incidence of hypoxia or airspace opacification on chest X-ray may be predictors of poorer outcomes for patients with RSV infection.

Keywords: RSV; clinical findings; radiographic findings.

MeSH terms

  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hospitals, Community
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Radiography, Thoracic
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / complications*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / diagnostic imaging*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Symptom Assessment