Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is classically stress induced and characterized by regional wall motion abnormalities in the absence of coronary occlusion. It predominantly affects postmenopausal women; emotional and physical stressors can trigger the classic cardiomyopathic findings. These changes are likely mediated by catecholamines, which cause a distinctive pattern of ventricular dysfunction with a unique pathologic phenotype of apical ballooning. Underlying mood disorders increase the risk for developing takotsubo cardiomyopathy after a triggering event. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is one of several brain-heart disorders; its unique pathology can shed light on the complex interactions between the brain, sympathetic nervous system, and the cardiovascular system.
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