Biological applications of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Methods Mol Med. 2006:124:365-86. doi: 10.1385/1-59745-010-3:365.

Abstract

The manganese ion (Mn2+) has long been used in biomedical research as an indicator of calcium (Ca2+) influx in conjunction with fluorescent microscopy because it is well established that Mn2+ enters cells through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Mn2+ is also paramagnetic, resulting in a shortening of the spin-lattice relaxation time constant, T1, which yields positive contrast enhancement in T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), specific to tissues in which the ion has accumulated. Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) uses a combination of these properties of Mn2+ to elucidate anatomical information and to identify regions of cellular activity. The focus of this chapter will detail some of the current MEMRI methodologies and biological applications.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / anatomy & histology*
  • Contrast Media*
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Manganese*

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • Manganese