Structures of respiratory syncytial virus G antigen bound to broadly neutralizing antibodies

Sci Immunol. 2018 Mar 9;3(21):eaar3534. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aar3534. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a top cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease and mortality in young children and the elderly. The viral envelope G glycoprotein contributes to pathogenesis through its roles in host cell attachment and modulation of host immunity. Although the G glycoprotein is a target of protective RSV-neutralizing antibodies, its development as a vaccine antigen has been hindered by its heterogeneous glycosylation and sequence variability outside a conserved central domain (CCD). We describe the cocrystal structures of two high-affinity broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies bound to the RSV G CCD. The antibodies bind to neighboring conformational epitopes, which we named antigenic sites γ1 and γ2, that span a highly conserved surface, illuminating an important region of vulnerability. We further show that isolated RSV G CCD activates the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and that antibodies block this activity. These studies provide a template for rational vaccine design targeting this key contributor to RSV disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / chemistry*
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / chemistry*
  • Antigens, Viral / chemistry*
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 / immunology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chemokine CX3CL1 / immunology
  • Humans
  • Protein Conformation
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / immunology*
  • Viral Fusion Proteins / chemistry*
  • Viral Fusion Proteins / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antigens, Viral
  • CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
  • CX3CR1 protein, human
  • Chemokine CX3CL1
  • G glycoprotein, Respiratory syncytial virus
  • Viral Fusion Proteins