Analysis of postmarketing safety data for proton-pump inhibitors reveals increased propensity for renal injury, electrolyte abnormalities, and nephrolithiasis

Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 19;9(1):2282. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39335-7.

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors, PPIs, are widely prescribed and sold globally. Although initially intended for time-limited treatment of acute disorders, such as gastric ulcers and esophagitis, PPIs are now commonly used for prolonged durations and are considered safe for over the counter access. Recent studies have raised concern over associations between PPI use and acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, and electrolyte abnormalities. The growing concern over potentially serious adverse drug reactions warrants an evaluation of post marketing surveillance data. In this study of over ten million FDA Adverse Event Reporting System records, we provided evidence of kidney injury and electrolyte imbalances in an alarming number of patients taking PPIs. Additionally, we assessed differences between specific PPIs and observed significant electrolyte and renal abnormalities for each individual drug with varying magnitudes.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury* / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / epidemiology
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nephrolithiasis* / chemically induced
  • Nephrolithiasis* / epidemiology
  • Nephrolithiasis* / metabolism
  • Product Surveillance, Postmarketing
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Water-Electrolyte Balance / drug effects*

Substances

  • Proton Pump Inhibitors