Clinical Significance of Peptidase M20 Domain Containing 1 Ii Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis

Arq Bras Cardiol. 2022 Sep;119(3):372-379. doi: 10.36660/abc.20210799.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis is the main cause for most cardiovascular diseases, and new biomarkers for this condition are always needed. Peptidase M20 domain containing 1 (PM20D1) is associated with both lipid metabolism and obesity. However, no study focuses on the role of PM20D1 in carotid atherosclerosis.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the role of PM20D1 in carotid atherosclerosis patients.

Methods: The present prospective observational study contained a total of 231 carotid atherosclerosis patients, who went to our department between July 2018 and December 2019. Blood samples and medical characteristics were also obtained from 231 healthy individuals with the same body mass index distribution of carotid atherosclerosis patients. Serum PM20D1 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical and demographic characteristics of all patients were collected, including age, sex, body mass index and medical history. Levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, homocysteine, as well as total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density leptin cholesterol and low-density leptin cholesterol were recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software, with p<0.05 as statistically different.

Results: Serum PM20D1 levels were markedly lower in carotid atherosclerosis patients when compared to the healthy control, which were significantly lower in severe carotid atherosclerosis patients and carotid atherosclerosis/stroke patients. Patients with unstable plaques showed markedly lower PM20D1 when compared to patients with stable plaques. No significant difference was found among carotid atherosclerosis patients with different body mass index. Patients with higher PM20D1 levels showed significantly lower expression of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, homocysteine, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density leptin cholesterol. PM20D1 was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, homocysteine, total cholesterol and low-density leptin cholesterol in carotid atherosclerosis patients, and could be used as a biomarker for severe carotid atherosclerosis patients or carotid atherosclerosis patients with stroke. Sex, tumor necrosis factor, homocysteine and PM20D1 were risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.

Conclusion: PM20D1 was decreased in carotid atherosclerosis patients and was associated with severity, plaque stability, and levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, homocysteine, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density leptin cholesterol in carotid atherosclerosis patients.

Fundamento: A aterosclerose é a principal causa da maioria das doenças cardiovasculares, e novos biomarcadores para essa condição são sempre necessários. O domínio da peptidase M20 contendo 1 (PM20D1) está associado ao metabolismo lipídico e à obesidade. No entanto, nenhum estudo se concentra no papel do PM20D1 na aterosclerose carotídea.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o papel do PM20D1 em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea.

Métodos: Estudo observacional prospectivo conduzido com um total de 231 pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea que estiveram em nosso departamento entre julho de 2018 e dezembro de 2019. Amostras de sangue e dados médicas foram obtidos de outros 231 indivíduos saudáveis com o mesmo índice de massa corporal (IMC) dos pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea. O PM20D1 sérico foi determinado por ensaio imunossorvente ligado a enzima (ELISA). As características clínicas e demográficas de todos os pacientes foram listadas, incluindo idade, sexo biológico, IMC e histórico médico. Os níveis de proteína C reativa (PCR), fator de necrose tumoral, homocisteína, colesterol total, triglicerídeos, leptina-colesterol de alta densidade e leptina-colesterol de baixa densidade foram registrados. Realizou-se análise estatística no software SPSS, com p<0,05 considerado estatisticamente significante.

Resultados: Os níveis séricos de PM20D1 foram marcadamente mais baixos em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea comparados aos controles saudáveis, sendo significativamente mais baixos em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea grave e pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea/acidente vascular cerebral. Pacientes com placas instáveis apresentaram PM20D1 marcadamente menor quando comparados a pacientes com placas estáveis. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada entre pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea com diferentes IMC. Pacientes com níveis mais elevados de PM20D1 apresentaram expressão significativamente menor de PCR, fator de necrose tumoral, homocisteína, triglicerídeos, colesterol total e colesterol de baixa densidade. PM20D1 correlacionou-se negativamente com PCR, fator de necrose tumoral, homocisteína, colesterol total e leptina de baixa densidade em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea, podendo ser usado como biomarcador para pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea grave ou com aterosclerose carotídea e acidente vascular cerebral. Sexo biológico, fator de necrose tumoral, homocisteína e PM20D1 foram considerados fatores de risco para aterosclerose carotídea.

Conclusão: O PM20D1 estava diminuído em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea e foi associado com gravidade, estabilidade da placa, níveis de PCR, fator de necrose tumoral, homocisteína, triglicerídeos, colesterol total e colesterol de baixa densidade em pacientes com aterosclerose carotídea.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Amidohydrolases*
  • Biomarkers
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Carotid Artery Diseases*
  • Cholesterol
  • Homocysteine
  • Humans
  • Leptin
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic*
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke* / complications
  • Triglycerides
  • Tumor Necrosis Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Leptin
  • Triglycerides
  • Tumor Necrosis Factors
  • Homocysteine
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Amidohydrolases
  • PM20D1 protein, human