STIP overexpression confers oncogenic potential to human non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating cell cycle and apoptosis

J Cell Mol Med. 2015 Dec;19(12):2806-17. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12670. Epub 2015 Sep 10.

Abstract

Sip1/tuftelin-interacting protein (STIP), a multidomain nuclear protein, is a novel factor associated with the spliceosome, yet its role and molecular function in cancer remain unknown. In this study, we show, for the first time, that STIP is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared to adjacent normal lung tissues. The depletion of endogenous STIP inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, caused cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. Cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was associated with the expression and activity of the cyclin B1-CDK1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) complex. We also provide evidence that STIP knockdown induced apoptosis by activating both caspase-9 and caspase-3 and by altering the Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio. RNA sequencing data indicated that the MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinases, Wnt, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signalling pathways might be involved in STIP-mediated tumour regulation. Collectively, these results suggest that STIP may be a novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for NSCLC.

Keywords: apoptosis; caspase; cell cycle; lung cancer; proliferation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism
  • Blotting, Western
  • Carcinogenesis / genetics
  • Carcinogenesis / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics*
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Caspases / genetics
  • Caspases / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / genetics*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / genetics
  • Mice, Nude
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Phosphoproteins / genetics*
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • RNA Interference
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Transplantation, Heterologous
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway / genetics

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Carrier Proteins
  • ELP2 protein, human
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • NF-kappa B
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Caspases