Hypoxia reduces MAX expression in endothelial cells by unproductive splicing

FEBS Lett. 2014 Dec 20;588(24):4784-90. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.11.011. Epub 2014 Nov 15.

Abstract

The MYC-MAX-MXD network is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. Hypoxia affects the expression levels of several members of this network, but changes specific to MAX expression have so far not been shown. We found that in endothelial cells, hypoxia induces alternative splicing of MAX, thereby increasing the expression of two MAX isoforms that differ from the wild type in their 3' end. Isoform C is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay and isoform E encodes a highly unstable protein. The instability of isoform E is conferred by 36 isoform-specific amino acids, which have the capacity to destabilize heterologous proteins. Both splicing events are therefore unproductive and serve the purpose to downregulate the wild type protein.

Keywords: Alternative splicing; Hypoxia; MYC; MYC associated factor X; Nonsense-mediated decay; Protein stability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / chemistry
  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • Cell Hypoxia / genetics
  • Down-Regulation / genetics*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / cytology*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Protein Stability
  • Protein Structure, Quaternary
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism

Substances

  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
  • Myc associated factor X
  • Protein Isoforms
  • RNA, Messenger