SIAH-1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays an important role in regulating cell cycle, tumorigenesis and several neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we found a novel SIAH-1-interacting protein, EEF1D (Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta). The interaction was confirmed in vitro and in vivo, and both proteins were co-localized in the cytoplasm. The Cys-rich domain of SIAH-1 was essential for its interaction with EEF1D. Overexpressing SIAH-1 had no effect on the protein level of EEF1D, implying that EFF1D is not the substrate of SIAH-1. In contrast, the protein level of SIAH-1 increased significantly in the cells overexpressing EEF1D. Increased amount of SIAH-1 was caused by the EEF1D-mediated inhibition of auto-ubiquitination and degradation of SIAH-1. Furthermore, EEF1D was able to inhibit the degradation of HPH2, a known substrate of SIAH-1. Taken together, our data suggest EFF1D functions as a novel negative regulator of SIAH-1.