Abstract
C(alpha)-formylglycine (FGly) is the catalytic residue in the active site of eukaryotic sulfatases. It is posttranslationally generated from a cysteine in the endoplasmic reticulum. The genetic defect of FGly formation causes multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD), a lysosomal storage disorder. We purified the FGly generating enzyme (FGE) and identified its gene and nine mutations in seven MSD patients. In patient fibroblasts, the activity of sulfatases is partially restored by transduction of FGE encoding cDNA, but not by cDNA carrying an MSD mutation. The gene encoding FGE is highly conserved among pro- and eukaryotes and has a paralog of unknown function in vertebrates. FGE is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and is predicted to have a tripartite domain structure.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Alanine / analogs & derivatives*
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Alanine / biosynthesis
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Alanine / genetics
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Amino Acid Sequence / genetics
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Animals
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Base Sequence / genetics
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Biological Assay
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CHO Cells
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Cattle
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 / genetics
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Cricetinae
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DNA, Complementary / analysis
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DNA, Complementary / genetics
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / genetics
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
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Enzymes / genetics
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Enzymes / isolation & purification*
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / genetics*
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Genetic Vectors
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Glycine / analogs & derivatives*
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Glycine / biosynthesis
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Glycine / genetics*
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Humans
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Mice
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation / genetics*
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Protein Structure, Tertiary / genetics
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Sphingolipidoses / enzymology*
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Sphingolipidoses / genetics*
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Sulfatases / deficiency*
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Sulfatases / genetics*
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Transduction, Genetic
Substances
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DNA, Complementary
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Enzymes
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C(alpha)-formylglycine
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Sulfatases
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Alanine
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Glycine