MeSH

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Year introduced: 1978(1975)

Plasmids coding for proteins which induce PLANT TUMORS. The most notable example of a plant tumor inducing plasmid is the Ti plasmid found associated with AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS.

Year introduced: 2003

Plasmids encoding bacterial exotoxins (BACTERIOCINS).

Year introduced: 2004(1978)

A class of plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance from one bacterium to another by conjugation.

Year introduced: 1978(1975)

A plasmid whose presence in the cell, either extrachromosomal or integrated into the BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME, determines the sex of the bacterium, host chromosome mobilization, transfer via conjugation (CONJUGATION, GENETIC) of genetic material, and the formation of SEX PILI.

Year introduced: 1978(1975)