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Antihypertensive Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.
Antihypertensive Agents [Pharmacological Action]
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR. Included are ANGIOTENSIN II analogs such as SARALASIN and biphenylimidazoles such as LOSARTAN. Some are used as ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.
Year introduced: 2005
Guanfacine
A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.
Year introduced: 1991
Betaxolol
A cardioselective beta-1-adrenergic antagonist with no partial agonist activity.
Year introduced: 1990
Bepridil
A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.
Rauwolfia
A plant genus of the APOCYNACEAE or dogbane family. Alkaloids from plants in this genus have been used as tranquilizers and antihypertensive agents. RESERPINE is derived from R. serpentina.
Year introduced: was in Cat B & D 1963-1977
Minoxidil
A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371)
Year introduced: 1986(1972)
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Hexamethonium Compounds
Compounds containing the hexamethylenebis(trimethylammonium) cation. Members of this group frequently act as antihypertensive agents and selective ganglionic blocking agents.
Germine Acetates
Germine derivatives acetylated on any one or more of the hydroxy groups. These compounds are present in many polyester alkaloids which occur in Veratrum and Zygadenus species. They are used as antihypertensive agents, and in some cases, exhibit curare-like activity.
Year introduced: 1991(1975)
Enalapril
An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.
Year introduced: 1986
Debrisoquin
An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.
Year introduced: 1991(1973)
Clonidine
An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.
Year introduced: 1973(1972)
Calcium Channel Blockers
A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes.
Year introduced: 1983
3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-piperidone [Supplementary Concept]
Antihypertensive Agents; structure in first source
Date introduced: August 11, 2009
Amlodipine Besylate, Olmesartan Medoxomil Drug Combination
A pharmaceutical preparation of amlodipine besylate and olmesartan medoxomil that combines ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE I RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST and CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER activities. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.
Year introduced: 2016