MeSH

A distinct lineage of epithelial cells, present in MUCOSAL TISSUE, that is responsible for the immune sensing and capture of luminal bacteria and other microparticles. They deliver these microparticles, via TRANSCYTOSIS, to lymphoid tissue for efficient mucosal as well as systemic immune responses. Inflammation-induced M cells arising in response to inflammatory conditions may provide microbial access to tissues without normal M cell-associated immune surveillance tissue.

Year introduced: 2023

An ONCOSTATIN M-specific receptor subunit that combines with CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130 to form the ONCOSTATIN M TYPE II RECEPTOR.

Year introduced: 2007(2003)

A subtype of oncostatin receptors that are formed by dimerization of ONCOSTATIN M RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT and CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130. They are activated specifically by ONCOSTATIN M and signal through interaction of their cytoplasmic domains with JANUS KINASES.

Year introduced: 2007(1990)

A cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions that depend upon the cellular microenvironment. Oncostatin M is a 28 kDa monomeric glycoprotein that is similar in structure to LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR. Its name derives from the the observation that it inhibited the growth of tumor cells and augmented the growth of normal fibroblasts.

Year introduced: 2007(1987)

Cell surface receptors with specificity for ONCOSTATIN M. Two subtypes of receptors have been identified and are defined by their subunit composition.

Year introduced: 2007(1990)

The cellular signaling system that halts the progression of cells through MITOSIS or MEIOSIS if a defect that will affect CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION is detected.

Year introduced: 2012

A cystatin subtype that has a diverse tissue distribution, target specificity, and functions as an endogenous inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteases.

Year introduced: 2009(1997)

A group of closely-related 72-74-kDa heterogeneous-nuclear ribonucleoproteins that are involved in RNA SPLICING events.

Year introduced: 2003

A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.

Year introduced: 2005(1975)

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally was called a macroglobulin.

Year introduced: 2002(1973)

A group of abnormal hemoglobins in which amino acid substitutions take place in either the alpha or beta chains but near the heme iron. This results in facilitated oxidation of the hemoglobin to yield excess methemoglobin which leads to cyanosis.

Year introduced: 1991(1977)

A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.

Year introduced: 1991(1975)

Viral matrix proteins found in species of CORONAVIRIDAE.

Year introduced: 2021

Apolipoproteins and lipocalins that occur in HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. They bind or transport lipids in the blood including sphingosine-1-phosphate, MYRISTIC ACID; STEARIC ACIDS; and ALL-TRANS-RETINOIC ACID.

Year introduced: 2018

So-called atypical species of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM that do not cause tuberculosis. They are also called tuberculoid bacilli, i.e.: M. abscessus, M. buruli, M. chelonae, M. duvalii, M. flavescens, M. fortuitum, M. gilvum, M. gordonae, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX;), M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. obuense, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. terrae, M. ulcerans, M. xenopi.

Year introduced: 2012 (1999)

Infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (atypical mycobacteria): M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. flavescens, M. gordonae, M. obuense, M. gilvum, M. duvali, M. szulgai, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX;), M. xenopi (littorale), M. ulcerans, M. buruli, M. terrae, M. fortuitum (minetti, giae), M. chelonae, M. leprae.

Year introduced: 2012 (1977)

type-specific protein on surface of group A Streptococci antigens; IgGFc-& albumin-binding streptococcal surface protein

Date introduced: January 1, 1977

A giant elastic protein of molecular mass ranging from 2,993 kDa (cardiac), 3,300 kDa (psoas), to 3,700 kDa (soleus) having a kinase domain. The amino- terminal is involved in a Z line binding, and the carboxy-terminal region is bound to the myosin filament with an overlap between the counter-connectin filaments at the M line.

Year introduced: 2014

membrane-bound RNase with endonuclease activity; RNase M(M) has longer & RNase M(L) has shorter carbohydrate chain

Date introduced: January 1, 1979

Cell surface receptors formed from the dimerization of LIF RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT with CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130. Although originally described as receptors for LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR these receptors also bind the closely-related protein ONCOSTATIN M and are referred to as both LIF receptors and type I oncostatin M receptors.

Year introduced: 2007(1991)