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Anal fistula

MedGen UID:
61482
Concept ID:
C0205929
Acquired Abnormality; Finding
Synonym: Anal fistula (disease)
SNOMED CT: Fistula of anus (786878009); Anal fistula (786878009); Fistula in ano (786878009); Fistula-in-ano (786878009)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
Concept ID:
CN307044
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
 
HPO: HP:0010447
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000754
Orphanet: ORPHA228113

Definition

An abnormal connection between the epithelialised surface of the anal canal and the perianal skin. [from HPO]

Conditions with this feature

Currarino triad
MedGen UID:
323460
Concept ID:
C1531773
Disease or Syndrome
The Currarino syndrome is an autosomal dominant form of hereditary sacral dysgenesis that classically consists of the triad of sacral malformation, presacral mass, and anorectal malformations. However, other features include neonatal-onset bowel obstruction, chronic constipation, recurrent perianal sepsis, renal/urinary tract anomalies, female internal genital anomalies, tethered spinal cord, and anterior meningocele. There is marked inter- and intrafamilial variability, and up to 33% of patients are asymptomatic (summary by Wang et al., 2006).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Amiot A, Bouguen G, Bonnaud G, Bouhnik Y, Hagege H, Peyrin-Biroulet L; French National Consensus Clinical guidelines for the management of IBD study group
Dig Liver Dis 2021 Jan;53(1):35-43. Epub 2020 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.10.018. PMID: 33160886
Amato A, Bottini C, De Nardi P, Giamundo P, Lauretta A, Realis Luc A, Piloni V
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Feb;24(2):127-143. Epub 2020 Jan 23 doi: 10.1007/s10151-019-02144-1. PMID: 31974827
Limura E, Giordano P
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Jan 7;21(1):12-20. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.12. PMID: 25574077Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Reza L, Gottgens K, Kleijnen J, Breukink S, Ambe PC, Aigner F, Aytac E, Bislenghi G, Nordholm-Carstensen A, Elfeki H, Gallo G, Grossi U, Gulcu B, Iqbal N, Jimenez-Rodriguez R, Leventoglu S, Lisi G, Litta F, Lung P, Millan M, Ozturk E, Sackitey C, Shalaby M, Stijns J, Tozer P, Zimmerman D
Colorectal Dis 2024 Jan;26(1):145-196. Epub 2023 Dec 5 doi: 10.1111/codi.16741. PMID: 38050857
Amato A, Bottini C, De Nardi P, Giamundo P, Lauretta A, Realis Luc A, Piloni V
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Feb;24(2):127-143. Epub 2020 Jan 23 doi: 10.1007/s10151-019-02144-1. PMID: 31974827
Mei Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Liu P, Ge M, Du P, Yang W, He Y
Int J Surg 2019 Sep;69:153-164. Epub 2019 Aug 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.08.003. PMID: 31400504
Limura E, Giordano P
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Jan 7;21(1):12-20. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.12. PMID: 25574077Free PMC Article
Seow-Choen F, Nicholls RJ
Br J Surg 1992 Mar;79(3):197-205. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800790304. PMID: 1555083

Diagnosis

Reza L, Gottgens K, Kleijnen J, Breukink S, Ambe PC, Aigner F, Aytac E, Bislenghi G, Nordholm-Carstensen A, Elfeki H, Gallo G, Grossi U, Gulcu B, Iqbal N, Jimenez-Rodriguez R, Leventoglu S, Lisi G, Litta F, Lung P, Millan M, Ozturk E, Sackitey C, Shalaby M, Stijns J, Tozer P, Zimmerman D
Colorectal Dis 2024 Jan;26(1):145-196. Epub 2023 Dec 5 doi: 10.1111/codi.16741. PMID: 38050857
Zalieckas JM
Semin Pediatr Surg 2017 Dec;26(6):391-397. Epub 2017 Oct 10 doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.10.009. PMID: 29126509
Limura E, Giordano P
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Jan 7;21(1):12-20. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.12. PMID: 25574077Free PMC Article
Klein JW
Med Clin North Am 2014 May;98(3):609-23. Epub 2014 Mar 21 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.01.011. PMID: 24758964
Sneider EB, Maykel JA
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2013 Dec;42(4):773-84. Epub 2013 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.08.003. PMID: 24280399

Therapy

Amiot A, Bouguen G, Bonnaud G, Bouhnik Y, Hagege H, Peyrin-Biroulet L; French National Consensus Clinical guidelines for the management of IBD study group
Dig Liver Dis 2021 Jan;53(1):35-43. Epub 2020 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.10.018. PMID: 33160886
Mei Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Liu P, Ge M, Du P, Yang W, He Y
Int J Surg 2019 Sep;69:153-164. Epub 2019 Aug 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.08.003. PMID: 31400504
Limura E, Giordano P
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Jan 7;21(1):12-20. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.12. PMID: 25574077Free PMC Article
Sneider EB, Maykel JA
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2013 Dec;42(4):773-84. Epub 2013 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.08.003. PMID: 24280399
Shawki S, Wexner SD
World J Gastroenterol 2011 Jul 28;17(28):3277-85. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i28.3277. PMID: 21876614Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Sautereau M, Bouchard D, Brochard C, Pigot F, Siproudhis L, Fayette JM, Train C, Laurain A, Favreau C, Abramowitz L
Colorectal Dis 2023 Feb;25(2):289-297. Epub 2022 Oct 12 doi: 10.1111/codi.16344. PMID: 36128714
Fogle SE, Donahue CA, Beresneva O, Kuhnen AH, Kleiman DA, Breen EM, Schoetz DJ Jr, Roberts PL, Marcello PW, Saraidaridis JT
J Gastrointest Surg 2022 May;26(5):1077-1083. Epub 2022 Jan 22 doi: 10.1007/s11605-021-05233-5. PMID: 35064458
Liu X, Wang Z, Ren H, Ren A, Wang W, Yang X, Shi S
Eur J Radiol 2020 Nov;132:109294. Epub 2020 Sep 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109294. PMID: 33038577
Halligan S
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2020 Feb;28(1):141-151. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.09.006. PMID: 31753233
Sica GS, Di Carlo S, Tema G, Montagnese F, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Fiaschetti V, Maggi G, Biancone L
World J Gastroenterol 2014 Oct 7;20(37):13205-10. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13205. PMID: 25309057Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Litta F, Parello A, Ferri L, Torrecilla NO, Marra AA, Orefice R, De Simone V, Campennì P, Goglia M, Ratto C
Tech Coloproctol 2021 Apr;25(4):385-399. Epub 2021 Jan 2 doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02385-5. PMID: 33387100Free PMC Article
Mei Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Liu P, Ge M, Du P, Yang W, He Y
Int J Surg 2019 Sep;69:153-164. Epub 2019 Aug 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.08.003. PMID: 31400504
Garg P
Int J Surg 2017 Apr;40:130-134. Epub 2017 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.02.095. PMID: 28259693
Sica GS, Di Carlo S, Tema G, Montagnese F, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Fiaschetti V, Maggi G, Biancone L
World J Gastroenterol 2014 Oct 7;20(37):13205-10. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13205. PMID: 25309057Free PMC Article
La Quaglia MP, Feins N, Eraklis A, Hendren WH
J Pediatr Surg 1990 Sep;25(9):980-4. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(90)90242-2. PMID: 2213451

Recent systematic reviews

Wang Y, Rao Q, Ma Y, Li X
Int J Colorectal Dis 2023 Mar 11;38(1):70. doi: 10.1007/s00384-023-04367-z. PMID: 36905475
Litta F, Parello A, Ferri L, Torrecilla NO, Marra AA, Orefice R, De Simone V, Campennì P, Goglia M, Ratto C
Tech Coloproctol 2021 Apr;25(4):385-399. Epub 2021 Jan 2 doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02385-5. PMID: 33387100Free PMC Article
Elfeki H, Shalaby M, Emile SH, Sakr A, Mikael M, Lundby L
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Apr;24(4):265-274. Epub 2020 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02165-1. PMID: 32065306
Sugrue J, Nordenstam J, Abcarian H, Bartholomew A, Schwartz JL, Mellgren A, Tozer PJ
Tech Coloproctol 2017 Jun;21(6):425-432. Epub 2017 Jun 15 doi: 10.1007/s10151-017-1645-5. PMID: 28620877
Ommer A, Herold A, Berg E, Fürst A, Post S, Ruppert R, Schiedeck T, Schwandner O, Strittmatter B
Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017 Mar;402(2):191-201. Epub 2017 Mar 1 doi: 10.1007/s00423-017-1563-z. PMID: 28251361

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