Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.

Bending or curvature of a finger toward the ulnar side (i.e., away from the thumb). The deviation is at the metacarpal-phalangeal joint, and this finding is distinct from clinodactyly.

A type of knee joint contracture in which the knee is in a fixed bent (flexed) configuration such that it cannot be straightened actively or passively.

A deformity of foot and ankle that has different subtypes that are talipes equinovarus, talipes equinovalgus, talipes calcaneovarus and talipes calcaneovalgus.

Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).

A severe degree of short stature, more than -4 SD from the mean corrected for age and sex.

An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.

Eversion of the posterior bladder wall through the congenitally absent lower anterior abdominal wall and anterior bladder wall.

Excessive sensitivity to light with the sensation of discomfort or pain in the eyes due to exposure to bright light.

An abnormal increase in the pitch (frequency) of the voice.

Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.

Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.

Displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint.

Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.

Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.

A deformity of the chest caused by overgrowth of the ribs and characterized by protrusion of the sternum.

Infants normally have two fontanels at birth, the diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures, and the posterior fontanelle at the intersection of the occipital and parietal bones. The posterior fontanelle usually closes by the 8th week of life, and the anterior fontanel closes by the 18th month of life on average. This term applies if there is delay of closure of the fontanelles beyond the normal age.

Lack of full passive range of motion (restrictions in flexion, extension, or other movements) of the hip joint resulting from structural changes of non-bony tissues, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules and/or skin.

An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.

Reduced diameter of a long bone.

Underdevelopment of the proximal epiphysis of the femur.

An abnormal enlargement of the sella turcica.

Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).

Severe degree of osteoporosis.

A type of dysharmonic skeletal maturation in which there is a delay in skeletal maturation whose degree differs markedly in different bones.

Underdevelopment of the ischium, which forms the lower and back part of the hip bone.

Decreased width of the diaphysis of long bones.

A cone-shaped appearance of the epiphyses of the fingers of the hand, producing a 'ball-in-a-socket' appearance. The related entity 'angel-shaped' epiphysis refers to a pronounced cone-shaped epiphysis in combination with a pseudoepiphysis at the distal end of a phalanx.

Underdevelopment of the pubis, which together with the ilium and the ischium, is one of the three bones that make up the hip bone.

An abnormally flat sella turcica.

Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.

Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).

Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations below the mean (objective); or apparently narrow intertemporal region (subjective).

Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).

Inclination of the anterior surface of the forehead from the vertical more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently excessive posterior sloping of the forehead in a lateral view.

Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).

The absence of six or more teeth from the normal series by a failure to develop.

An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.

Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.

An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.

Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.

A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.

Absence of a region of the retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid.