Hernia, anterior diaphragmatic

Diaphragmatic hernia-5 (DIH5) is an X-linked disorder characterized by congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), diaphragmatic agenesis, and abdominal wall defects. The disorder is usually transmitted in an X-linked recessive pattern with males being severely affected; many die in early childhood. Although the diaphragmatic features are variable, posterolateral diaphragmatic defects are common. Additional features include hypertelorism, sometimes with more severe dysmorphic facial features, and some affected males may show genitourinary, cardiac, pulmonary, or neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Most carrier females show hypertelorism, although a few have mild abdominal wall defects. Some of the features of DIH5 overlap with those of the X-linked disorder thoracoabdominal syndrome (THAS; 313850) (Petit et al., 2023). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), see DIH1 (142340). [from OMIM]