ARPC2 actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ARPC2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:705
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000163466 MIM:604224; AllianceGenome:HGNC:705
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARC34; PRO2446; p34-Arc; PNAS-139
Summary: This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. The Arp2/3 protein complex has been implicated in the control of actin polymerization in cells and has been conserved through evolution. The exact role of the protein encoded by this gene, the p34 subunit, has yet to be determined. Two alternatively spliced variants have been characterized to date. Additional alternatively spliced variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 92.4), bone marrow (RPKM 89.6) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q35

Exon count:: 11

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	2	NC_000002.12 (218217189..218254348)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	2	NC_060926.1 (218702891..218740055)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (219081912..219119071)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Arp2/3 and Mena/VASP Require Profilin 1 for Actin Network Assembly at the Leading Edge.
Title: Arp2/3 and Mena/VASP Require Profilin 1 for Actin Network Assembly at the Leading Edge.
Study provides evidence that the 5'-UTR1 of ARPC2 has internal ribosome entry site activity and regulates translation during stressful cellular conditions such as high cell density.
Title: Alternatively spliced variants of the 5'-UTR of the ARPC2 mRNA regulate translation by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) harboring a guanine-quadruplex motif.
Results find that ARPC2 expression is upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. ARPC2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of human breast cancer cells. ARPC2 is regulated by RBM2 in a posttranscriptional 3'UTRbinding manner. Also, ARPC2 plays an oncogenic role and mediates the promoting role of RBM3 in the proliferation and metastasis of human breast cancer cells.
Title: RBM3 upregulates ARPC2 by binding the 3'UTR and contributes to breast cancer progression.
These results collectively indicated that ARPC2 promoted the tumorigenesis of breast carcinoma and the initiation of epithelialmesenchymal transition. Therefore, ARPC2 was revealed to be a potential therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer (BrCa) .
Title: ARPC2 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis.
Study shows that the T-cell-specific deletion of Arpc2 results in compromised peripheral T-cell homeostasis suggesting that ARPC2 is essential for T-cell homeostasis probably by maintaining surface TCR levels via regulating TCR(+) endosome trafficking.
Title: Arp2/3 complex controls T cell homeostasis by maintaining surface TCR levels via regulating TCR(+) endosome trafficking.
In the association analysis of 110 gastric cancer tissues, ARPC2 showed significant associations with large tumor size, lymph node invasion, and high tumor stage. In addition, ARPC2-positive patients exhibited lower RFS and OS rates compared with ARPC2-negative patients. We thus identify that ARPC2 plays an aneretic role in human gastric cancer and provided a new target for gastric cancer therapy.
Title: Role of ARPC2 in Human Gastric Cancer.
Downregulation of the ARP2/3 complex signaling pathway, a common final pathway for multiple signaling cascades that regulate the actin cytoskeleton, would compromise the structural stability of spines, leading to their loss. In concert with findings from deletion of the ARP2/3 complex in mice, these findings support the idea that spine deficits in the DLPFC may contribute to subcortical hyperdopaminergia in schizophrenia.
Title: Altered Expression of ARP2/3 Complex Signaling Pathway Genes in Prefrontal Layer 3 Pyramidal Cells in Schizophrenia.
Recent reports now demonstrate a novel aspect of the ARP2/3 complex and the nucleating-promoting factors in the maintenance of endothelial barrier function and junction remodeling of established endothelial cell junctions.
Title: Dynamics between actin and the VE-cadherin/catenin complex: novel aspects of the ARP2/3 complex in regulation of endothelial junctions.
FOXF1 repressed cell growth and expression of collagen-1 and actin-related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 2.
Title: Forkhead Box F1 represses cell growth and inhibits COL1 and ARPC2 expression in lung fibroblasts in vitro.
The Arp2/3 complex is recruited to invading Rickettsia parkeri and is required for efficient invasion.
Title: Rickettsia parkeri invasion of diverse host cells involves an Arp2/3 complex, WAVE complex and Rho-family GTPase-dependent pathway.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	M-tropic HIV-1 gp120 enhances the binding of WASp and the actin-related protein 2/3 complex with beta-actin, an interaction essential for the proper formation of podosomes in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells	PubMed
	env	SLIT2N, an active fragment of SLIT2, inhibits M-tropic HIV-1 gp120-induced association of LSP1, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp), Actin-Related Protein 2/3 (Arp2/3), and beta-actin in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GDB:434012 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157204

D11S2560 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37928

RH80030 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:87680

G16343 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:8065

STS-U50523 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:38799

ARPC2_(3) (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277994

D2S2896 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:69119

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
contributes_to actin filament binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in actin filament polymerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in actin polymerization-dependent cell motility	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of actin filament polymerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in actin cytoskeleton	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in glutamatergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in lamellipodium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in muscle cell projection membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in neuron projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in site of double-strand break	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2

Names: ARP2/3 protein complex subunit 34; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 2, 34kDa; arp2/3 complex 34 kDa subunit; testis tissue sperm-binding protein Li 53e

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_005731.3 → NP_005722.1 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005722.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AF006085, CN291458

Consensus CDS

CCDS2410.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O15144, Q92801, Q9P1D4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024R457, Q53R19

Related

ENSP00000295685.10, ENST00000295685.14

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04045
Location:57 → 284

P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc
NM_152862.3 → NP_690601.1 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_690601.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AK290268, BG282181, CN291458

Consensus CDS

CCDS2410.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O15144, Q92801, Q9P1D4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024R457, Q53R19

Related

ENSP00000327137.5, ENST00000315717.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04045
Location:57 → 284

P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

218217189..218254348

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_017003113.2 → XP_016858602.1 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04045
Location:2 → 229

P34-Arc; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc
XM_047442808.1 → XP_047298764.1 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X2