AGT angiotensinogen [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: AGTprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: angiotensinogenprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:333
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000135744 MIM:106150; AllianceGenome:HGNC:333
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ANHU; hFLT1; SERPINA8
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2019]
Annotation information: Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is relevant for disease process.
Expression: Biased expression in liver (RPKM 264.6), brain (RPKM 76.5) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q42.2

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (230702523..230745583, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (230083077..230126137, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (230838269..230881329, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Glaucoma and the ocular renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Update on molecular signalling and treatment perspectives.
Title: Glaucoma and the ocular renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Update on molecular signalling and treatment perspectives.
Structural insights into the repair mechanism of AGT for methyl-induced DNA damage.
Title: Structural insights into the repair mechanism of AGT for methyl-induced DNA damage.
Role of Angiotensin II in Non-Alcoholic Steatosis Development.
Title: Role of Angiotensin II in Non-Alcoholic Steatosis Development.
The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson s disease.
Title: The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson´s disease.
Association of rs5051 and rs699 polymorphisms in angiotensinogen with coronary artery disease in Iranian population: A case-control study.
Title: Association of rs5051 and rs699 polymorphisms in angiotensinogen with coronary artery disease in Iranian population: A case-control study.
Correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AGT gene with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Northeast China.
Title: Correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AGT gene with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Northeast China.
Genetic Variations of Angiotensinogen, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, and Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor with the Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Title: Genetic Variations of Angiotensinogen, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, and Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor with the Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Interplay of Angiotensin Peptides, Vasopressin, and Insulin in the Heart: Experimental and Clinical Evidence of Altered Interactions in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
Title: Interplay of Angiotensin Peptides, Vasopressin, and Insulin in the Heart: Experimental and Clinical Evidence of Altered Interactions in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
OTUD6A in tubular epithelial cells mediates angiotensin II-induced kidney injury by targeting STAT3.
Title: OTUD6A in tubular epithelial cells mediates angiotensin II-induced kidney injury by targeting STAT3.
Deficiency of Complement C3a and C5a receptors Does Not Prevent Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Hypertensive End-Organ Damage.
Title: Deficiency of Complement C3a and C5a receptors Does Not Prevent Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Hypertensive End-Organ Damage.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (691)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Essential hypertension, genetic MedGen: CN305331 OMIM: 145500 GeneReviews: Not available	not available
Renal tubular dysgenesis of genetic origin MedGen: C5681536 OMIM: 267430 GeneReviews: Not available	not available

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of angiotensinogen (AGT) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

STS-H64380 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54039

RH11650 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:25375

RH91381 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:87428

RH11822 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:67463

G44347 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:95134

PMC310924P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272812

G34823 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21944

RH121565 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:134337

WI-8965 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:65748

RH76317 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:91903

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables growth factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables receptor ligand activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables sodium channel regulator activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables type 1 angiotensin receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables type 2 angiotensin receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in angiotensin-activated signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in angiotensin-activated signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in blood vessel remodeling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in kidney development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of CoA-transferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of gap junction assembly	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of membrane hyperpolarization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of miRNA transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of apoptotic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of blood pressure	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cardiac conduction	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell growth	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of extracellular matrix assembly	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of renal output by angiotensin	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of renal sodium excretion	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of vasoconstriction	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in renal system process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of response to angiotensin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in vasoconstriction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in blood microparticle	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular space	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: angiotensinogen

Names: alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin; angiotensin I; angiotensin II; fetal-liver predominant transporter 1; pre-angiotensinogen; serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor; serpin A8; serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_008836.3 RefSeqGene

Range

36461..48060

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001382817.3 → NP_001369746.2 angiotensinogen precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL158214, AL512328

Consensus CDS

CCDS1585.2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01019, Q16358, Q16359, Q96F91

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A7P0T8D1, A0A7P0TBH1

Related

ENSP00000505985.1, ENST00000681269.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd02054
Location:28 → 474

serpinA8_AGT; serpin family A member 8, angiotensinogen
NM_001384479.1 → NP_001371408.1 angiotensinogen precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL158214, AL512328

Consensus CDS

CCDS1585.2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01019, Q16358, Q16359, Q96F91

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A7P0T8D1, A0A7P0TBH1

Related

ENSP00000355627.5, ENST00000366667.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd02054
Location:28 → 474

serpinA8_AGT; serpin family A member 8, angiotensinogen

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

230702523..230745583 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

230083077..230126137 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

NM_000029.4: Suppressed sequence

Description

NM_000029.4: This RefSeq was removed because currently there is support for the transcript but not for the protein.