Genome

Branchiostoma floridae (Florida lancelet) Primitive fishlike marine animal Lineage: Eukaryota[15557]; Metazoa[7782]; Chordata[3579]; Cephalochordata[6]; Leptocardii[6]; Amphioxiformes[6]; Branchiostomatidae[6]; Branchiostoma[5]; Branchiostoma floridae[1]

Lancelets (also called amphioxus) are primitive fishlike animals (about 2 inches long), which look very much like small fish although their bodies have a much simpler structure than that of fish. They have a well-developed notochord that provides support for muscles used in swimming but no heart or paired fins andonly a trace of a brain. They have an More...eel-like body shape with a well-defined mouth and tail. Most are semitransparent. They occur all around the world in both temperate and tropical waters.Lancelets share a number of features in common with vertebrates, including a dorsal nerve cord that is supported by a stiff rod known as the notochord (a forerunner of the backbone); a system of pharyngeal slits between the mouth and stomach, used to strain food particles from water; and a series of segmented, V-shaped muscles along the torso.Many scientists believe that vertebrates may have evolved from an early ancestor similar to lancelets. However it is generally agreed that lancelets represent aside branch of evolution rather than a direct ancestor.It is an important model system for studying the evolution of vertebrate development and the origin of vertebrate genomes. Less...

Summary Submitter: DOE Joint Genome Institute Assembly level:  Chromosome Assembly: GCA_000003815.2 Bfl_VNyyK scaffolds: 432 contigs: 22,996 N50: 50,413 L50: 2,806 BioProjects: PRJNA33245, PRJNA20249 Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS):  INSDC: ABEP00000000.3 Statistics:  total length (Mb): 513.461  protein count: 43041  GC%: 41.7036 NCBI Annotation Release:  100 Publications (limited to 20 most recent records) Deeply conserved synteny resolves early events in vertebrate evolution. Simakov O, et al. Nat Ecol Evol 2020 Jun The role of transposable elements in functional evolution of amphioxus genome: the case of opsin gene family. Pantzartzi CN, et al. Sci Rep 2018 Feb 6 Evidence for Conservation of the Calcitonin Superfamily and Activity-regulating Mechanisms in the Basal Chordate Branchiostoma floridae: INSIGHTS INTO THE MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL EVOLUTION IN CHORDATES. Sekiguchi T, et al. J Biol Chem 2016 Jan 29 Conserved Noncoding Elements in the Most Distant Genera of Cephalochordates: The Goldilocks Principle. Yue JX, et al. Genome Biol Evol 2016 Aug 25 Functional Pairing of Class B1 Ligand-GPCR in Cephalochordate Provides Evidence of the Origin of PTH and PACAP/Glucagon Receptor Family. On JS, et al. Mol Biol Evol 2015 Aug Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the bHLH-PAS genes in the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae reveal both conserved and diverged expression patterns between cephalochordates and vertebrates. Li KL, et al. Evodevo 2014 Expression of germline markers in three species of amphioxus supports a preformation mechanism of germ cell development in cephalochordates. Zhang QJ, et al. Evodevo 2013 Jun 18 Evolution of the Alx homeobox gene family: parallel retention and independent loss of the vertebrate Alx3 gene. McGonnell IM, et al. Evol Dev 2011 Jul-Aug The amphioxus genome and the evolution of the chordate karyotype. Putnam NH, et al. Nature 2008 Jun 19 Novel genes dramatically alter regulatory network topology in amphioxus. Zhang Q, et al. Genome Biol 2008 Characterization, developmental expression and evolutionary features of the huntingtin gene in the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae. Candiani S, et al. BMC Dev Biol 2007 Nov 15 The single AmphiTrk receptor highlights increased complexity of neurotrophin signalling in vertebrates and suggests an early role in developing sensory neuroepidermal cells. Benito-Gutiérrez E, et al. Development 2005 May Cloning and developmental expression of amphioxus Dachschund. Candiani S, et al. Gene Expr Patterns 2003 Mar Characterization of an amphioxus wnt gene, AmphiWnt11, with possible roles in myogenesis and tail outgrowth. Schubert M, et al. Genesis 2000 May Phylogenetic analysis of T-Box genes demonstrates the importance of amphioxus for understanding evolution of the vertebrate genome. Ruvinsky I, et al. Genetics 2000 Nov Complete sequence, gene arrangement, and genetic code of mitochondrial DNA of the cephalochordate Branchiostoma floridae (Amphioxus). Boore JL, et al. Mol Biol Evol 1999 Mar Isolation and developmental expression of the amphioxus Pax-6 gene (AmphiPax-6): insights into eye and photoreceptor evolution. Glardon S, et al. Development 1998 Jul Amphioxus mitochondrial DNA, chordate phylogeny, and the limits of inference based on comparisons of sequences. Naylor GJ, et al. Syst Biol 1998 Mar Structural biology and phylogenetic estimation. Naylor GJ, et al. Nature 1997 Aug 7 More... Replicon Info Loc Type Name RefSeq INSDC Size (Mb) GC% Protein rRNA tRNA Other RNA Gene Pseudogene Chr 1 NC_049979.1 CM022886.1 35.34 41.8 3,489 3 32 250 2,130 5 Chr 2 NC_049980.1 CM022887.1 35.14 41.9 3,277 - 29 238 2,108 7 Chr 3 NC_049981.1 CM022888.1 34.25 41.6 2,956 - 22 204 1,858 4 Chr 4 NC_049982.1 CM022889.1 34.24 42.0 3,297 - 32 220 2,120 6 Chr 5 NC_049983.1 CM022890.1 29.55 41.9 2,499 - 16 216 1,725 5 Chr 6 NC_049984.1 CM022891.1 28.09 42.1 2,240 - 20 223 1,630 6 Chr 7 NC_049985.1 CM022892.1 25.95 41.7 2,141 - 20 177 1,495 9 Chr 8 NC_049986.1 CM022893.1 25.58 41.7 2,213 - 14 132 1,555 11 Chr 9 NC_049987.1 CM022894.1 25.44 41.7 2,041 2 16 205 1,443 13 Chr 10 NC_049988.1 CM022895.1 23.93 41.5 1,895 1 46 176 1,376 3 Chr 11 NC_049989.1 CM022896.1 23.53 41.7 2,069 - 9 173 1,394 12 Chr 12 NC_049990.1 CM022897.1 22.97 41.5 1,868 - 25 157 1,415 11 Chr 13 NC_049991.1 CM022898.1 22.41 41.7 1,805 3 19 135 1,347 4 Chr 14 NC_049992.1 CM022899.1 21.81 41.5 1,722 2 25 107 1,244 3 Chr 15 NC_049993.1 CM022900.1 21.51 41.7 1,782 3 23 144 1,307 7 Chr 16 NC_049994.1 CM022901.1 19.15 41.2 1,442 1 8 143 1,034 3 Chr 17 NC_049995.1 CM022902.1 19.12 41.3 1,547 - 38 119 1,136 7 Chr 18 NC_049996.1 CM022903.1 18.55 41.2 1,422 - 7 143 964 3 Chr 19 NC_049997.1 CM022904.1 17.12 41.1 1,331 - 4 95 888 1 MT NC_000834.1 - 0.02 37.3 13 2 22 - 37 - Un - . - 29.76 42.3 1,992 12 12 255 1,675 6 Chromosomes Click on chromosome name to open Genome Data Viewer External Resources CHORI BAC library CHORI Fosmid library Sanger B_floridae Project