U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Links from OMIM

    • Showing Current items.

    WLS Wnt ligand secretion mediator [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 79971, updated on 3-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    WLSprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    Wnt ligand secretion mediatorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:30238
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000116729 MIM:611514; AllianceGenome:HGNC:30238
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    EVI; MRP; ZKS; GPR177; mig-14; C1orf139
    Summary
    Enables Wnt-protein binding activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of cell communication and protein transport. Located in several cellular components, including Golgi apparatus; early endosome; and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Implicated in Zaki syndrome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in kidney (RPKM 32.7), gall bladder (RPKM 31.7) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See WLS in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1p31.3
    Exon count:
    13
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (68098459..68232546, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (67975934..68110470, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (68564142..68698229, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene GNG12, DIRAS3 and WLS antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene sirtuin 5 pseudogene Neighboring gene ARL5A pseudogene 3 Neighboring gene DIRAS family GTPase 3 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5584 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr1:68613408-68614607 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:68627528-68628104 Neighboring gene CTBP2 pseudogene 8 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:68665327-68665828 Neighboring gene microRNA 1262 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:68742024-68742651 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:68743733-68744317 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S7 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 pseudogene 7

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

    Go to the top of the page Help
    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. WLS inhibits melanoma cell proliferation through the β-catenin signalling pathway and induces spontaneous metastasis. Yang PT, et al. EMBO Mol Med, 2012 Dec. PMID 23129487, Free PMC Article
    2. Case-control association study of WLS variants in opioid and cocaine addicted populations. Crist RC, et al. Psychiatry Res, 2013 Jun 30. PMID 23566366, Free PMC Article
    3. Wntless (GPR177) expression correlates with poor prognosis in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia via Wnt signaling. Chiou SS, et al. Carcinogenesis, 2014 Oct. PMID 25115440
    4. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum and clinical severity associated with WLS gene. Abdel-Salam GMH, et al. J Hum Genet, 2023 Sep. PMID 37106064
    5. Compound heterozygous variants in WLS gene causes Zaki syndrome. Yu C, et al. Clin Genet, 2023 Aug. PMID 37005218

    See all (99) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum and clinical severity associated with WLS gene.
      Title: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum and clinical severity associated with WLS gene.
    2. Compound heterozygous variants in WLS gene causes Zaki syndrome.
      Title: Compound heterozygous variants in WLS gene causes Zaki syndrome.
    3. Mutations in the WLS are associated with dental anomalies, torus palatinus, and torus mandibularis.
      Title: Mutations in the WLS are associated with dental anomalies, torus palatinus, and torus mandibularis.
    4. The role of Evi/Wntless in exporting Wnt proteins.
      Title: The role of Evi/Wntless in exporting Wnt proteins.
    5. GPR177 in A-fiber sensory neurons drives diabetic neuropathic pain via WNT-mediated TRPV1 activation.
      Title: GPR177 in A-fiber sensory neurons drives diabetic neuropathic pain via WNT-mediated TRPV1 activation.
    6. Responses of Porcupine and Wntless proteins to oxidative, hypoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses.
      Title: Responses of Porcupine and Wntless proteins to oxidative, hypoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses.
    7. Structural Basis of WLS/Evi-Mediated Wnt Transport and Secretion.
      Title: Structural Basis of WLS/Evi-Mediated Wnt Transport and Secretion.
    8. Cryo-EM structure of human Wntless in complex with Wnt3a.
      Title: Cryo-EM structure of human Wntless in complex with Wnt3a.
    9. SNHG17 upregulates WLS expression to accelerate lung adenocarcinoma progression by sponging miR-485-5p.
      Title: SNHG17 upregulates WLS expression to accelerate lung adenocarcinoma progression by sponging miR-485-5p.
    10. MicroRNA-31 Regulates Expression of Wntless in Both Drosophila melanogaster and Human Oral Cancer Cells.
      Title: MicroRNA-31 Regulates Expression of Wntless in Both Drosophila melanogaster and Human Oral Cancer Cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (36)

    Phenotypes

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Zaki syndrome
    MedGen: C5562037 OMIM: 619648 GeneReviews: Not available
    		not available

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association studies identify CHRNA5/3 and HTR4 in the development of airflow obstruction.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide association study of chemotherapeutic agent-induced severe neutropenia/leucopenia for patients in Biobank Japan.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 56 bone mineral density loci and reveals 14 loci associated with risk of fracture.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Multistage genome-wide association meta-analyses identified two new loci for bone mineral density.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Twenty bone-mineral-density loci identified by large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

    Go to the top of the page Help

    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

    Go to the top of the page

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ23091, MGC14878, MGC131760, DKFZp686I0788

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables Wnt-protein binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables Wnt-protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables Wnt-protein binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in Wnt protein secretion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in Wnt protein secretion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in Wnt signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cementum mineralization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in exocrine pancreas development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in hindbrain development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular protein transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular protein transport IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in mesoderm formation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in midbrain development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of Wnt protein secretion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of Wnt protein secretion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in Golgi membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in Golgi membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasmic vesicle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in early endosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in early endosome membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in endocytic vesicle membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in endomembrane system IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular exosome TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in organelle membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in trans-Golgi network IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    protein wntless homolog
    Names
    G protein-coupled receptor 177
    integral membrane protein GPR177
    protein evenness interrupted homolog
    putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 373
    putative NFkB activating protein 373
    wntless Wnt ligand secretion mediator

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001002292.4 → NP_001002292.3  protein wntless homolog isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001002292.3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, and differs in the 5' UTR, 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL513284, BX538320, CA438784, DA753300
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS30750.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q96IV8
      Related
      ENSP00000346829.2, ENST00000354777.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06664
      Location:176 → 494
      MIG-14_Wnt-bd; Wnt-binding factor required for Wnt secretion

    2. NM_001193334.1 → NP_001180263.1  protein wntless homolog isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001180263.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in an isoform (3) that is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL513284, AW137622, BX648748, DA753300, DB478499
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS53331.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q96IV8
      Related
      ENSP00000360015.3, ENST00000370976.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06664
      Location:87 → 405
      MIG-14_Wnt-bd; Wnt-binding factor required for Wnt secretion

    3. NM_024911.7 → NP_079187.3  protein wntless homolog isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_079187.3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW137622, DQ323735
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS642.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RNT2, Q5JRS7, Q5T9L3, Q7Z2Z9, Q8NC43
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q96IV8
      Related
      ENSP00000262348.4, ENST00000262348.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06664
      Location:178 → 496
      MIG-14_Wnt-bd; Wnt-binding factor required for Wnt secretion

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      68098459..68232546 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011542191.3 → XP_011540493.1  protein wntless homolog isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011540493.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q96IV8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06664
      Location:178 → 496
      MIG-14_Wnt-bd; Wnt-binding factor required for Wnt secretion

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      67975934..68110470 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054338846.1 → XP_054194821.1  protein wntless homolog isoform X1

    2. XM_054338847.1 → XP_054194822.1  protein wntless homolog isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q5T9L3.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q5T9L3

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous