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    VRK2 VRK serine/threonine kinase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 7444, updated on 3-Apr-2024

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    GeneRIFPubMed TitleDate
    Elucidating the interaction of C-terminal domain of Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2A (VRK2A) with B-cell lymphoma-extra Large (Bcl-xL) to decipher its anti-apoptotic role in cancer.

    Elucidating the interaction of C-terminal domain of Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2A (VRK2A) with B-cell lymphoma-extra Large (Bcl-xL) to decipher its anti-apoptotic role in cancer.
    Puja R, Dutta S, Bose K.

    12/5/2023
    Reduced Vrk2 expression is associated with higher risk of depression in humans and mediates depressive-like behaviors in mice.

    Reduced Vrk2 expression is associated with higher risk of depression in humans and mediates depressive-like behaviors in mice.
    Yin MY, Guo L, Zhao LJ, Zhang C, Liu WP, Zhang CY, Huo JH, Wang L, Li SW, Zheng CB, Xiao X, Li M, Wang C, Chang H., Free PMC Article

    09/9/2023
    VRK1 as a synthetic lethal target in VRK2 promoter-methylated cancers of the nervous system.

    VRK1 as a synthetic lethal target in VRK2 promoter-methylated cancers of the nervous system.
    So J, Mabe NW, Englinger B, Chow KH, Moyer SM, Yerrum S, Trissal MC, Marques JG, Kwon JJ, Shim B, Pal S, Panditharatna E, Quinn T, Schaefer DA, Jeong D, Mayhew DL, Hwang J, Beroukhim R, Ligon KL, Stegmaier K, Filbin MG, Hahn WC., Free PMC Article

    10/15/2022
    VRK2 activates TNFalpha/NF-kappaB signaling by phosphorylating IKKbeta in pancreatic cancer.

    VRK2 activates TNFα/NF-κB signaling by phosphorylating IKKβ in pancreatic cancer.
    Chen J, Qiao K, Zhang C, Zhou X, Du Q, Deng Y, Cao L., Free PMC Article

    04/23/2022
    Evaluation of the relationship between VRK2, rs4380187 polymorphisms, and genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population.

    Evaluation of the relationship between VRK2, rs4380187 polymorphisms, and genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population.
    Liu X, Han T, Xie H, Fu Z, Yao Q, Lin Z, Zhu H, Zhan D.

    01/22/2022
    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 blunts sorafenib's efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma by disturbing the apoptosis-autophagy balance.

    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 blunts sorafenib's efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma by disturbing the apoptosis-autophagy balance.
    Chen S, Du Y, Xu B, Li Q, Yang L, Jiang Z, Zeng Z, Chen L.

    01/15/2022
    our work reveals the regulation of dysbindin by VRK2, providing the association of these two proteins, which are commonly implicated in schizophrenia

    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 modulates role of dysbindin by regulating protein stability.
    Jeong YH, Choi JH, Lee D, Kim S, Kim KT.

    09/28/2019
    Structural characterization of human vaccinia-related kinases, VRK1 and VRK2, bound to small-molecule inhibitors, has been reported.

    Structural characterization of human Vaccinia-Related Kinases (VRK) bound to small-molecule inhibitors identifies different P-loop conformations.
    Couñago RM, Allerston CK, Savitsky P, Azevedo H, Godoi PH, Wells CI, Mascarello A, de Souza Gama FH, Massirer KB, Zuercher WJ, Guimarães CRW, Gileadi O., Free PMC Article

    02/23/2019
    a novel insight into the oncogenic activity of VRK2-Akt complexes in the lysosomes via modulation of autophagy

    Functional characterization of lysosomal interaction of Akt with VRK2.
    Hirata N, Suizu F, Matsuda-Lennikov M, Tanaka T, Edamura T, Ishigaki S, Donia T, Lithanatudom P, Obuse C, Iwanaga T, Noguchi M., Free PMC Article

    02/23/2019
    VRK2 is suggested as a candidate gene for neurological disorders through its role in signaling pathway, the neuronal loss and stress response.

    Vaccinia Related Kinase 2 (VRK2) expression in neurological disorders: schizophrenia, epilepsy and multiple sclerosis.
    Azimi T, Ghafouri-Fard S, Davood Omrani M, Mazdeh M, Arsang-Jang S, Sayad A, Taheri M.

    09/1/2018
    GSK3beta may inhibit VRK2 catalytic activity by disrupting its flexibility. The inhibition of VRK2 catalytic activity by GSK3beta may also inhibit VRK2-induced degradation of TRiC, which could suppress polyQ-expanded Htt aggregation.

    Glycogen synthase kinase 3β suppresses polyglutamine aggregation by inhibiting Vaccinia-related kinase 2 activity.
    Lee E, Ryu HG, Kim S, Lee D, Jeong YH, Kim KT., Free PMC Article

    05/26/2018
    The combined analysis confirmed evidence of genome-wide significant associations in the Han Chinese population for three loci, at 2p16.1 (rs1051061, in an exon of VRK2, P=1.14 x 10-12, odds ratio (OR)=1.17), 6p22.1 (rs115070292 in an intron of GABBR1, P=4.96 x 10-10, OR=0.77) and 10q24.32 (rs10883795 in an intron of AS3MT, P=7.94 x 10-10, OR=0.87; rs10883765 at an intron of ARL3, P=3.06 x 10-9, OR=0.87).

    Common variants on 2p16.1, 6p22.1 and 10q24.32 are associated with schizophrenia in Han Chinese population.
    Yu H, Yan H, Li J, Li Z, Zhang X, Ma Y, Mei L, Liu C, Cai L, Wang Q, Zhang F, Iwata N, Ikeda M, Wang L, Lu T, Chinese Schizophrenia Collaboration Group, Li M, Xu H, Wu X, Liu B, Yang J, Li K, Lv L, Ma X, Wang C, Li L, Yang F, Jiang T, Shi Y, Li T, Zhang D, Yue W.

    11/4/2017
    VRK1 AND VRK2 expression are predictive of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in rectal adenocarcinoma.

    Predictive value of vrk 1 and 2 for rectal adenocarcinoma response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy: a retrospective observational cohort study.
    Del Puerto-Nevado L, Marin-Arango JP, Fernandez-Aceñero MJ, Arroyo-Manzano D, Martinez-Useros J, Borrero-Palacios A, Rodriguez-Remirez M, Cebrian A, Gomez Del Pulgar T, Cruz-Ramos M, Carames C, Lopez-Botet B, Garcia-Foncillas J., Free PMC Article

    09/30/2017
    Reduced VRK2 mRNA levels are involved in the underlying mechanisms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

    VRK2 gene expression in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and healthy controls.
    Tesli M, Wirgenes KV, Hughes T, Bettella F, Athanasiu L, Hoseth ES, Nerhus M, Lagerberg TV, Steen NE, Agartz I, Melle I, Dieset I, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA.

    09/9/2017
    These data support a model in which vaccinia virus B1 and human VRK2 share additional substrates important for the replication of cytoplasmic poxviruses.

    Deletion of the Vaccinia Virus B1 Kinase Reveals Essential Functions of This Enzyme Complemented Partly by the Homologous Cellular Kinase VRK2.
    Olson AT, Rico AB, Wang Z, Delhon G, Wiebe MS., Free PMC Article

    07/29/2017
    we replicated one known signal in PAX8 (2.6 minutes per allele, 95% CI [1.9, 3.2], P = 5.7x10-16) and identified and replicated two novel associations at VRK2 (2.0 minutes per allele, 95% CI [1.3, 2.7], P = 1.2x10-9; and 1.6 minutes per allele, 95% CI [1.1, 2.2], P = 7.6x10-9)

    Genome-Wide Association Analyses in 128,266 Individuals Identifies New Morningness and Sleep Duration Loci.
    Jones SE, Tyrrell J, Wood AR, Beaumont RN, Ruth KS, Tuke MA, Yaghootkar H, Hu Y, Teder-Laving M, Hayward C, Roenneberg T, Wilson JF, Del Greco F, Hicks AA, Shin C, Yun CH, Lee SK, Metspalu A, Byrne EM, Gehrman PR, Tiemeier H, Allebrandt KV, Freathy RM, Murray A, Hinds DA, Frayling TM, Weedon MN., Free PMC Article

    05/27/2017
    The data provides further evidence for the genetic contributions of VRK2 rs2312147 to schizophrenia susceptibility especially in Europeans, while further replication analyses in Asian populations are still needed. [meta-analysis]

    Further evidence of VRK2 rs2312147 associated with schizophrenia.
    Chang H, Zhang C, Xiao X, Pu X, Liu Z, Wu L, Li M.

    05/27/2017
    Our data provide preliminary evidence that the VRK2 gene might play a major role in the development of SCZ in the Northwest Chinese Han population.

    Association of the VRK2 gene rs3732136 polymorphism with schizophrenia in a Northwest Chinese Han population.
    Zhang B, Gao CY, Zhang HB, Yang B, Yin JF, Wei SG, Zhu YS, Jia XN, Li SB.

    06/11/2016
    data may provide evidence for the effect of VRK2 on WM connectivity in patients with schizophrenia

    Effects of VRK2 (rs2312147) on white matter connectivity in patients with schizophrenia.
    Sohn H, Kim B, Kim KH, Kim MK, Choi TK, Lee SH., Free PMC Article

    11/7/2015
    Findings suggest that ubiquitin-specific protease 25 (USP25) as a VRK2 substrate that acts on TRiC deubiquitination.

    Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2 Controls the Stability of the Eukaryotic Chaperonin TRiC/CCT by Inhibiting the Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP25.
    Kim S, Lee D, Lee J, Song H, Kim HJ, Kim KT., Free PMC Article

    07/25/2015
    VRK2 is crucial to regulate the ubiquitination-proteosomal degradation of eukaryotic chaperonin TCP-1 ring complex

    Vaccinia-related kinase 2 mediates accumulation of polyglutamine aggregates via negative regulation of the chaperonin TRiC.
    Kim S, Park DY, Lee D, Kim W, Jeong YH, Lee J, Chung SK, Ha H, Choi BH, Kim KT., Free PMC Article

    03/22/2014
    Data from molecular dynamic simulations suggest that bivalent cations play key structural roles in stabilization of VRK1/VRK2; bivalent cations have no obvious effects on VRK3. These kinases are targets in search for antineoplastic agents. [REVIEW]

    Role of bivalent cations in structural stabilities of new drug targets--vaccinia-related kinases (VRK) from molecular dynamics simulations.
    Fu T, Ren H, Zhang J, Ren P, Enyedy I, Li G.

    09/7/2013
    Low levels of VRK2A causes an increase in mitochondrial Bax protein level, leading to an increase in the release of cytochrome C and caspase activation, detected by PARP processing.

    Human VRK2 modulates apoptosis by interaction with Bcl-xL and regulation of BAX gene expression.
    Monsalve DM, Merced T, Fernández IF, Blanco S, Vázquez-Cedeira M, Lazo PA., Free PMC Article

    06/22/2013
    Generalized epilepsies implicates susceptibility genes: CHRM3 at 1q43, VRK2 at 2p16.1, ZEB2 at 2q22.3, SCN1A at 2q24.3 and PNPO at 17q21.32.

    Genome-wide association analysis of genetic generalized epilepsies implicates susceptibility loci at 1q43, 2p16.1, 2q22.3 and 17q21.32.
    EPICURE Consortium, EMINet Consortium, Steffens M, Leu C, Ruppert AK, Zara F, Striano P, Robbiano A, Capovilla G, Tinuper P, Gambardella A, Bianchi A, La Neve A, Crichiutti G, de Kovel CG, Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité D, de Haan GJ, Lindhout D, Gaus V, Schmitz B, Janz D, Weber YG, Becker F, Lerche H, Steinhoff BJ, Kleefuß-Lie AA, Kunz WS, Surges R, Elger CE, Muhle H, von Spiczak S, Ostertag P, Helbig I, Stephani U, Møller RS, Hjalgrim H, Dibbens LM, Bellows S, Oliver K, Mullen S, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF, Everett KV, Gardiner MR, Marini C, Guerrini R, Lehesjoki AE, Siren A, Guipponi M, Malafosse A, Thomas P, Nabbout R, Baulac S, Leguern E, Guerrero R, Serratosa JM, Reif PS, Rosenow F, Mörzinger M, Feucht M, Zimprich F, Kapser C, Schankin CJ, Suls A, Smets K, De Jonghe P, Jordanova A, Caglayan H, Yapici Z, Yalcin DA, Baykan B, Bebek N, Ozbek U, Gieger C, Wichmann HE, Balschun T, Ellinghaus D, Franke A, Meesters C, Becker T, Wienker TF, Hempelmann A, Schulz H, Rüschendorf F, Leber M, Pauck SM, Trucks H, Toliat MR, Nürnberg P, Avanzini G, Koeleman BP, Sander T.

    06/1/2013
    This study analyzed 5 genome-wide supported variants in a Han Chinese sample, and the variant rs2312147 at VRK2 showed significant association, which was confirmed in the meta-analysis combining multiple Asian and European.

    Meta-analysis and brain imaging data support the involvement of VRK2 (rs2312147) in schizophrenia susceptibility.
    Li M, Wang Y, Zheng XB, Ikeda M, Iwata N, Luo XJ, Chong SA, Lee J, Rietschel M, Zhang F, Müller-Myhsok B, Cichon S, Weinberger DR, Mattheisen M, Schulze TG, Martin NG, Mitchell PB, Schofield PR, Liu JJ, Su B, MooDS Consortium.

    05/11/2013
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