| Study shows that oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) causes endocytosis, lysosomal targeting and consequent degradation of GluA2- and GluA3-containing AMPARs, and that PICK1 is required for both OGD-induced GluA2 endocytosis and lysosomal sorting. GluA1-containing AMPARs resist OGD-induced endocytosis and PICK1 binding to the endocytic adaptor AP2 is enhanced by OGD in hippocampal, but not cortical neurons. | Endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of GluA2/3 AMPARs in response to oxygen/glucose deprivation in hippocampal but not cortical neurons.
Koszegi Z, Fiuza M, Hanley JG., Free PMC Article | 07/20/2019 |
| results lead to a model of cooperative activation of mGluRs that provides a framework for understanding how class C GPCRs couple extracellular binding to dimer reorganization and G protein activation. | Mechanism of Assembly and Cooperativity of Homomeric and Heteromeric Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.
Levitz J, Habrian C, Bharill S, Fu Z, Vafabakhsh R, Isacoff EY., Free PMC Article | 10/7/2017 |
| This study showed that GluA3 is uniformly distributed along the synapse, and seldom extends beyond its lateral border in hippocamoys. | The organization of AMPA receptor subunits at the postsynaptic membrane.
Jacob AL, Weinberg RJ., Free PMC Article | 03/12/2016 |
| The results of this study support the local translation of GluA1-4 mRNAs in dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells and CA1 interneurons but not in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. | Differential dendritic targeting of AMPA receptor subunit mRNAs in adult rat hippocampal principal neurons and interneurons.
Cox DJ, Racca C. | 11/16/2013 |
| A decrease in GluA1 and increases in GluA3 subunit and TARP expression at the end of the third postnatal week provide a molecular explanation for the increase in AMPAR response duration and reduced efficacy of AMPAR modulators with increasing age. | Developmental changes in structural and functional properties of hippocampal AMPARs parallels the emergence of deliberative spatial navigation in juvenile rats.
Blair MG, Nguyen NN, Albani SH, L'Etoile MM, Andrawis MM, Owen LM, Oliveira RF, Johnson MW, Purvis DL, Sanders EM, Stoneham ET, Xu H, Dumas TC., Free PMC Article | 10/19/2013 |
| Here we examine whether hypoxia in the developing retina would cause activation of the AMPA GluRs and increase in Ca(2+) influx into retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that might ultimately lead to their death. | Hypoxia-induced retinal ganglion cell damage through activation of AMPA receptors and the neuroprotective effects of DNQX.
Sivakumar V, Foulds WS, Luu CD, Ling EA, Kaur C. | 06/1/2013 |
| GluR2/3 is translocated into the intracellular pool following brain ischemia-reperfusion. | Phosphorylation and assembly of glutamate receptors after brain ischemia.
Zhang F, Guo A, Liu C, Comb M, Hu B., Free PMC Article | 02/23/2013 |
| Under 21 days of immobilization stress, expression of GluR2/3 increased in the hippocampal CA1 region but deacreased in the amygdala. Xiaoyaosan could reverse gene expression. | [Expression of AMPA receptors and related protein in immobilization stressed rats and effect of Xiaoyaosan].
Yue GX, Wang ZF, Zhang QL, Zhao X, Yue LF, Ding J, Chen JX. | 12/22/2012 |
| Bushy cells and fusiform cells upregulated GluA3 and downregulated GlyRalpha1 expression following 7 days of monaural conductive hearing loss | Monaural conductive hearing loss alters the expression of the GluA3 AMPA and glycine receptor α1 subunits in bushy and fusiform cells of the cochlear nucleus.
Wang H, Yin G, Rogers K, Miralles C, De Blas AL, Rubio ME., Free PMC Article | 04/7/2012 |
| Similar to clozapine, JL 13 does not alter levels of NMDA and AMPA receptors in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. | Long-term effects of JL 13, a potential atypical antipsychotic, on ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Tarazi FI, Moran-Gates T, Gardner MP, Graulich A, Lamy C, Liégeois JF. | 12/6/2011 |
| Using the cue-induced reinstatement and alcohol deprivation effect paradigms, we could show that the GluR-C subunit is involved in alcohol seeking and relapse [GluR-C] | Involvement of the AMPA receptor GluR-C subunit in alcohol-seeking behavior and relapse.
Sanchis-Segura C, Borchardt T, Vengeliene V, Zghoul T, Bachteler D, Gass P, Sprengel R, Spanagel R., Free PMC Article | 07/28/2011 |
| The data show that the protocol used was able to promote plastic GluR changes during exercise, suggesting a specific involvement of these receptors in exercise-induced plasticity processes in the brain areas tested | Exercise-induced plasticity of AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunits in the rat brain.
Real CC, Ferreira AF, Hernandes MS, Britto LR, Pires RS. | 02/26/2011 |
| results show that synaptic AMPA receptors on the dendrites of the lamina III/IV neurokinin 1 receptor projection neurons contain GluR2, GluR3 and GluR4, but not GluR1 subunits | Neurokinin 1 receptor-expressing projection neurons in laminae III and IV of the rat spinal cord have synaptic AMPA receptors that contain GluR2, GluR3 and GluR4 subunits.
Todd AJ, Polgár E, Watt C, Bailey ME, Watanabe M., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Chronic intermittent hypoxia impairs heart rate responses to AMPA and NMDA and induces loss of GluR3 neurons in nucleus ambiguous of F344 rats. | Chronic intermittent hypoxia impairs heart rate responses to AMPA and NMDA and induces loss of glutamate receptor neurons in nucleus ambiguous of F344 rats.
Yan B, Li L, Harden SW, Gozal D, Lin Y, Wead WB, Wurster RD, Cheng ZJ., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| CAMKII phosphorylation of AMPA receptors is an integral factor in long-term potentiation. 2-pyrrolidinone persistently enhances activity of the Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors, GluR1,3 and GluR1,2,3, by interacting with CaMKII. | The aniracetam metabolite 2-pyrrolidinone induces a long-term enhancement in AMPA receptor responses via a CaMKII pathway.
Nishizaki T, Matsumura T. | 01/21/2010 |
| The results of this study indicate a possible role for changes in AMPA receptor subunit expression in NTS neurones, involving an increase in GluR3 associated with development of hypertension in SH. | Increased expression of AMPA receptor subunits in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Saha S, Spary EJ, Maqbool A, Asipu A, Corbett EK, Batten TF. | 01/21/2010 |
| GluR3 receptors are frequently found not only on postsynaptic but also on presynaptic profiles immunopositive for VGluT1 and VGluT2 in the neostriatum. | Presynaptic localization of an AMPA-type glutamate receptor in corticostriatal and thalamostriatal axon terminals.
Fujiyama F, Kuramoto E, Okamoto K, Hioki H, Furuta T, Zhou L, Nomura S, Kaneko T. | 01/21/2010 |
| GluR2/3 AMPARs are localised in post synaptic area and at least 66 AMPARs are bound by a quantal transmitter packet at CF-Purkinje cell synapses, and the receptors are packed at a minimum density of approximately 900 microm-2 in the postsynaptic membrane. | The density of AMPA receptors activated by a transmitter quantum at the climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapse in immature rats.
Momiyama A, Silver RA, Hausser M, Notomi T, Wu Y, Shigemoto R, Cull-Candy SG., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| AMPA3 receptors co-localize with AMPA2 receptors in the caudal nucleus tractus solitarius at pre- and postsynaptic sites and in astrocytic glia, and may co-localize with AMPA1 receptor subunits in large dendrites. | Co-localization of AMPA receptor subunits in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat.
Aicher SA, Sharma S, Mitchell JL. | 01/21/2010 |
| the alternative splicing that generates flip and flop variants of GluR3 receptors regulates the channel opening process by controlling the rate of channel closing but not the rate of channel opening or the glutamate binding affinity | GluR3 flip and flop: differences in channel opening kinetics.
Pei W, Huang Z, Niu L. | 01/21/2010 |
| Extinction-induced upregulation in AMPA receptors reduces cocaine-seeking behaviour | Extinction-induced upregulation in AMPA receptors reduces cocaine-seeking behaviour.
Sutton MA, Schmidt EF, Choi KH, Schad CA, Whisler K, Simmons D, Karanian DA, Monteggia LM, Neve RL, Self DW. | 01/21/2010 |
| GluR3 is targeted to lysosomes regardless of NMDA receptor activation. | Subunit rules governing the sorting of internalized AMPA receptors in hippocampal neurons.
Lee SH, Simonetta A, Sheng M. | 01/21/2010 |
| Following retinal ischemia the decrease in GluR3 labeling intensity is most profound at 4 h; the recovery of GluR3 staining intensity is slow, and staining is still decreased at 7 days. | Ischemia-induced alterations of AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunit. Expression patterns in the rat retina--an immunocytochemical study.
Dijk F, Kamphuis W. | 01/21/2010 |