| Immunoreactivity of glutamine synthetase in satellite glia around various subpopulations of lumbar dorsal root ganglia neurons in adult rats treated with monosodium glutamate. | Immunoreactivity of glutamine synthetase in satellite glia around various subpopulations of lumbar dorsal root ganglia neurons in adult rats treated with monosodium glutamate.
Krawczyk A, Mozel S, Rycerz K, Jaworska-Adamu J, Arciszewski MB. | 12/26/2023 |
| The alterations of glutamate transporter 1 and glutamine synthetase in the rat brain of a learned helplessness model of depression. | The alterations of glutamate transporter 1 and glutamine synthetase in the rat brain of a learned helplessness model of depression.
Yoshino K, Oda Y, Kimura M, Kimura H, Nangaku M, Shirayama Y, Iyo M. | 11/21/2020 |
| Results showed that status epilepticus (SE) induced in immature rats elicits a persistent decrease in glutamine synthetase-immunoreactivity in the dentate hilus, which can be detected as early as 2 weeks and persists up to at least 19 weeks after SE | Persistent reduction of hippocampal glutamine synthetase expression after status epilepticus in immature rats.
van der Hel WS, Hessel EV, Bos IW, Mulder SD, Verlinde SA, van Eijsden P, de Graan PN. | 08/22/2015 |
| The portacaval shunt caused a marked decrease in glutamine synthetase activity and an increase in ornithine aminotransferase activity. | The effect of portacaval anastomosis on the expression of glutamine synthetase and ornithine aminotransferase in perivenous hepatocytes.
da Silva R, Levillain O, Brosnan JT, Araneda S, Brosnan ME. | 03/8/2014 |
| the results provided evidence for the temporospatial expression and location of GS following spinal cord injury. | Temporospatial expression and cellular localization of glutamine synthetase following traumatic spinal cord injury in adult rats.
Liu C, Wu W, Zhang B, Xiang J, Zou J. | 11/16/2013 |
| Prolonged hyposmotic challenge transiently increases astrocyte-specific glutamine synthetase levels in the supraoptic nucleus, followed by a rebound increase of their activity. | Hyposmolality differentially and spatiotemporally modulates levels of glutamine synthetase and serine racemase in rat supraoptic nucleus.
Wang YF, Sun MY, Hou Q, Parpura V. | 11/2/2013 |
| we also show that the upstream enhancer of the rat GS gene can confer pericentral activity to a linked reporter gene, and that the activity of this enhancer is also beta catenin dependent. | Pericentral activity of alpha-fetoprotein enhancer 3 and glutamine synthetase upstream enhancer in the adult liver are regulated by β-catenin in mice.
Clinkenbeard EL, Butler JE, Spear BT., Free PMC Article | 01/26/2013 |
| Manganese exposure inhibited glutamine uptake and glutamine synthetase expression in rat astrocytes. | The protective effects of riluzole on manganese-induced disruption of glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase in the cultured astrocytes.
Deng Y, Xu Z, Xu B, Xu D, Tian Y, Feng W. | 01/5/2013 |
| Significantly increased expression of glutamine synthetase and glutamate aspartate transporter at 40 mmHg pressure was observed in Muller cells. | In vitro effect of adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH 442416 on the expression of glutamine synthetase and glutamate aspartate transporter in rat retinal Müller cells at elevated hydrostatic pressure.
Yu J, Zhong Y, Shen X, Cheng Y, Qi J, Wang J. | 08/11/2012 |
| deficient glial glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase significantly attenuate GABAergic synaptic strength in the spinal dorsal horn | Glial glutamate transporter and glutamine synthetase regulate GABAergic synaptic strength in the spinal dorsal horn.
Jiang E, Yan X, Weng HR., Free PMC Article | 06/2/2012 |
| Glutamine synthetase may modulate motility and substrate adhesion through transmembrane integrin beta1 signaling to the cytoskeleton and by membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase-mediated proteolysis of the extracellular matrix. | Down-regulation of glutamine synthetase enhances migration of rat astrocytes after in vitro injury.
Zou J, Wang YX, Mu HJ, Xiang J, Wu W, Zhang B, Xie P. | 12/31/2011 |
| This study describes optimized conditions and pharmacological controls for measuring glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in intact glial cells. | A simple method for measuring intracellular activities of glutamine synthetase and glutaminase in glial cells.
Mongin AA, Hyzinski-García MC, Vincent MY, Keller RW Jr., Free PMC Article | 11/19/2011 |
| The testicular GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase )is the first testicular protein shown to be affected by nickel exposure. | Binding of nickel to testicular glutamate-ammonia ligase inhibits its enzymatic activity.
Sun Y, Ou Y, Cheng M, Ruan Y, van der Hoorn FA., Free PMC Article | 08/27/2011 |
| In mimicked diabetic condition, IL-1 beta decreases the expression of glutamine synthetase in retinal Muller cells. | [Effect of interleukin-1 beta on glutamine synthetase in rat retinal Müller cell under high glucose conditions].
Shen X, Xu GZ. | 10/23/2010 |
| Glutamine synthase (GS) expression in neurons occurs in response to reduced availability of glutamine from astrocytes; neuronal GS expression represents a default phenotype which is normally suppressed via direct contacts with astrocytes. | Neurones express glutamine synthetase when deprived of glutamine or interaction with astrocytes.
Fernandes SP, Dringen R, Lawen A, Robinson SR. | 09/20/2010 |
| These results suggest that Glns in astrocytes may represent a novel target for neuroprotection against neuronal dysfunction | Glutamine synthetase down-regulation reduces astrocyte protection against glutamate excitotoxicity to neurons.
Zou J, Wang YX, Dou FF, Lü HZ, Ma ZW, Lu PH, Xu XM., Free PMC Article | 05/31/2010 |
| Glutamate at >or=1 mM induced a prolonged increase of GS expression in contrast to glutamate transporters. | High extracellular glutamate modulates expression of glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase in cultured astrocytes.
Lehmann C, Bette S, Engele J. | 01/21/2010 |
| Results describe glutamine synthetase activity and glutamate uptake in the hippocampus and frontal cortex from rats with prehepatic portal vein hypertension. | Glutamine synthetase activity and glutamate uptake in hippocampus and frontal cortex in portal hypertensive rats.
Acosta GB, Fernández MA, Roselló DM, Tomaro ML, Balestrasse K, Lemberg A., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| GS localization was investigated using immunohistochemistry and double-labeling of young and adult human and rat skin sections as well as skin cells in culture. | Keratinocytes as depository of ammonium-inducible glutamine synthetase: age- and anatomy-dependent distribution in human and rat skin.
Danielyan L, Zellmer S, Sickinger S, Tolstonog GV, Salvetter J, Lourhmati A, Reissig DD, Gleiter CH, Gebhardt R, Buniatian GH., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| glutamine synthetase has a role in control of glutamate signalling through Wnt3A and steroid pathways in osteoblastic cells | Wnt and steroid pathways control glutamate signalling by regulating glutamine synthetase activity in osteoblastic cells.
Olkku A, Mahonen A. | 01/21/2010 |
| Glutamine synthetase silencer elements is absent in liver cells that respond to glucocortoids with enhanced expression of the enzyme. | A silencer element in the first intron of the glutamine synthetase gene represses induction by glucocorticoids.
Gaunitz F, Heise K, Gebhardt R. | 01/21/2010 |
| Glutamine synthetase expression after glucocorticoid administration in hepatoma cells | Glucocorticoid induced expression of glutamine synthetase in hepatoma cells.
Gaunitz F, Heise K, Schumann R, Gebhardt R. | 01/21/2010 |
| The investigators studied the interactions between the upstream enhancer, regulatory regions in the first intron, and the 3'-untranslated region and immediate downstream genomic sequences of the GS gene (the GS "tail"). | The 3'-UTR of the glutamine-synthetase gene interacts specifically with upstream regulatory elements, contains mRNA-instability elements and is involved in glutamine sensing.
Stanulović VS, Garcia de Veas Lovillo RM, Labruyère WT, Ruijter JM, Hakvoort TB, Lamers WH. | 01/21/2010 |
| Lipopolysaccharide impairs hepatic ammonia detoxification by both downregulation of GS and its inactivation because of tyrosine nitration | Lipopolysaccharide-induced tyrosine nitration and inactivation of hepatic glutamine synthetase in the rat.
Görg B, Wettstein M, Metzger S, Schliess F, Häussinger D. | 01/21/2010 |
| Glns activity was determined in skeletal muscle and liver 24h after the last psychological stress and immobilization stress. | Illuminating the interrelated immune and endocrine adaptations after multiple exposures to short immobilization stress by in vivo blocking of IL-6.
Smith C, Wilson NW, Louw A, Myburgh KH. | 01/21/2010 |