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    PLA2G2D phospholipase A2 group IID [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 26279, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PLA2G2Dprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    phospholipase A2 group IIDprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9033
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000117215 MIM:605630; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9033
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    SPLASH; sPLA2S; PLA2IID; sPLA2-IID
    Summary
    This gene encodes a secreted member of the phospholipase A2 family, and is found in a cluster of related family members on chromosome 1. Phospholipase A2 family members hydrolyze the sn-2 fatty acid ester bond of glycerophospholipids to produce lysophospholipids and free fatty acid. This gene may be involved in inflammation and immune response, and in weight loss associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]
    Expression
    Biased expression in lymph node (RPKM 63.3), appendix (RPKM 10.7) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See PLA2G2D in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1p36.12
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (20111939..20119536, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (19935588..19943185, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (20438432..20446029, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20304755-20305254 Neighboring gene phospholipase A2 group IIA Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1574 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20316184-20316758 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20316759-20317334 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1580 Neighboring gene prenylcysteine oxidase 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene phospholipase A2 group V Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1609 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1624 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6877 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1646 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1651 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 310 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 312 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 311 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1658 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1659 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1661 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1663 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_1667 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 313 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 314 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 315 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20468424-20468924 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20474795-20475295 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20476004-20476630 Neighboring gene phospholipase A2 group IIF Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:20479806-20480357 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC117779438

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables heparin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables phospholipase A2 activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables phospholipid binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in arachidonate secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in inflammatory response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in lipid catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of T cell proliferation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in phosphatidylcholine metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in phosphatidylcholine metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    group IID secretory phospholipase A2
    Names
    GIID sPLA2
    phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2D
    secretory phospholipase A2s
    secretory-type PLA, stroma-associated homolog
    NP_001258743.1
    NP_036532.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001271814.2NP_001258743.1  group IID secretory phospholipase A2 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal exon in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK026347, AK310156, AL158172, BC025706
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS72721.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9UNK4
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A087WZT4
      Related
      ENSP00000482871.1, ENST00000617227.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl05417
      Location:2162
      PLA2_like; PLA2_like: Phospholipase A2, a super-family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of phospholipids (PC or phosphatidylethanolamine), usually in a ...
    2. NM_012400.4NP_036532.1  group IID secretory phospholipase A2 isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036532.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK026347, AL158172, BC025706, DC295429
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS203.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0A087WZT4, A8K2Z1, B1AEL9, Q9UK01, Q9UNK4
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2R4P7
      Related
      ENSP00000364246.3, ENST00000375105.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00125
      Location:21138
      PLA2c; PLA2c: Phospholipase A2, a family of secretory and cytosolic enzymes; the latter are either Ca dependent or Ca independent. PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of phospholipids (PC or phosphatidylethanolamine), usually in a ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      20111939..20119536 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      19935588..19943185 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)